Patch Antenna Array Layout for Resonance Frequency Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Patch antenna arrays with multiple elements on a common substrate or shared ground plane experience interference, leading to detuning of resonance frequencies and uncontrolled behavior, which is undesirable for applications like beam forming and high data rate communications.
Innovation Solution
The solution involves varying the width and height of patch elements to match their resonance frequencies, resulting in rectangular shapes with the same resonance frequencies, eliminating the need for external adjustments or components to retune the antennas.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If multiple patch elements are arranged on a common substrate and share a common ground plane, then the antenna array can be manufactured easily using conventional PCB techniques, but the individual patch elements interfere with each other causing detuning of resonance frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making each patch element unique in its dimensions (width and height) while maintaining the same resonance frequency. Instead of using identical patch elements throughout the array, the invention varies the local characteristics (dimensions) of each patch element to compensate for mutual coupling effects, thereby achieving uniform resonance frequencies across all elements despite their different sizes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by adjusting the width and height parameters of individual patch elements to achieve the desired resonance frequency. The invention changes the dimensional parameters of each patch element based on its position in the array and the mutual coupling it experiences, allowing all elements to resonate at the same frequency despite different physical dimensions.
2Manufacturing precision
If patch elements are made rectangular with varying width and height to match resonance frequencies, then uniform resonance frequency is achieved across the array, but the design and manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses parameter changes to adjust the width and height of rectangular patch elements to achieve uniform resonance frequencies. By varying these dimensional parameters systematically based on position-dependent coupling effects, the invention achieves frequency uniformity while maintaining a relatively simple rectangular geometry for all elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different width and height values to different patch elements based on their specific positions in the array. Each patch element has locally optimized dimensions that account for its unique coupling environment, thereby achieving overall frequency uniformity across the entire array.
3Manufacturing precision
If external components or manual retuning is used to adjust resonance frequencies, then frequency matching can be achieved, but manufacturing costs and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and pre-determining the optimal width and height dimensions for each patch element during the design phase. This preliminary design step accounts for mutual coupling effects and ensures that all patch elements will resonate at the same frequency when manufactured, eliminating the need for subsequent manual retuning or external adjustment components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs self-service by designing the patch elements to automatically achieve the desired resonance frequency through their predetermined dimensions. The structure itself provides the frequency matching function without requiring external components or manual intervention, as the dimensional parameters are inherently designed to compensate for coupling effects.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure describes a patch antenna array including a substrate, a ground plane arranged on a first surface of the substrate, and a plurality of patch elements arranged in proximity to each other on an opposite, second surface of the substrate. At least one of the plurality of patch elements has a rectangular shape having a width and height, the height being different from the width. At least two of the plurality of patch elements differ with respect to at least one of their respective widths and height, and each patch element of the plurality of patch elements is configured with a common resonance frequency. The present disclosure further describes a method for manufacturing a patch antenna array.