Patient-Specific Osteotomy Guides for Accurate Bone Resection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cutting guides are not patient-specific, making it difficult to properly position and secure them during osteotomies, leading to improper cuts and risks to surrounding tissues.
Innovation Solution
Development of patient-specific instruments with guide features and bone engagement surfaces that match the patient's anatomy, allowing precise resection of bones and secure alignment for osteotomy procedures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If generic cutting guides are used, then device complexity is reduced, but positioning accuracy and reliability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
Patient-specific instruments are designed and manufactured before surgery based on pre-operative imaging data (CT or MRI scans). The instruments incorporate patient-specific anatomical surface features that are created in advance, allowing precise positioning during surgery without requiring complex intraoperative adjustment procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patient-specific instruments include bone engagement surfaces that are precise copies or replicas of the patient's actual bone surfaces, derived from pre-operative imaging. This copying approach allows the instrument to match the unique anatomical geometry of the patient's bone, ensuring accurate positioning and alignment during the osteotomy procedure.
2Manufacturing precision
If patient-specific instruments are used, then positioning accuracy improves, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces complex manual measurement and positioning mechanisms with automated computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) processes. Pre-operative imaging data is processed through software to generate instrument designs, which are then manufactured using additive manufacturing or CNC machining, significantly reducing manual labor and increasing precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The manufacturing process utilizes digital parameters from pre-operative imaging data to control instrument geometry. By changing from traditional mechanical measurement methods to digital parameter-driven design, the system achieves higher precision while streamlining the manufacturing workflow through automated processes.
3Reliability
If non-patient-specific guides are used, then ease of manufacture is maintained, but surgical reliability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
All customization and design work is performed before surgery during the pre-operative planning phase. Patient-specific instruments are manufactured in advance based on imaging data, eliminating the need for complex intraoperative adjustments and ensuring reliable, repeatable positioning during the actual surgical procedure.
Solution Approach 2:
The bone engagement surfaces of the instruments are created as precise digital copies of the patient's bone surfaces from pre-operative scans. This copying process ensures that each instrument is uniquely tailored to the patient's anatomy, dramatically improving surgical reliability while the automated manufacturing processes keep production feasible.
Data Source
AI summary
A patient specific instrument is disclosed for correcting a condition present in a patient. The patient specific instrument includes a body that includes an inferior side having a bone engagement surface shaped to match a first surface of a first bone and a second surface of a second bone of a joint. The instrument also includes a superior side having a first guide feature and a second guide feature that together, with the bone engagement surface overlying the first surface and the second surface, are positioned to guide resection of the first bone and the second bone during a surgical osteotomy for correcting the condition. The body is configured to seat transverse to the joint with the bone engagement surface engaging the first surface of the first bone and the second surface of the second bone.