Patient-Specific Osteotomy Instrumentation for Bone Resection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional osteotomy guides are not patient-specific, leading to improper cuts and risks of damaging surrounding tissues during bone resection procedures, as they are not tailored to individual patient anatomy.
Innovation Solution
Development of patient-specific osteotomy instruments with customized bone engagement surfaces and guide features, anchored to bones using fasteners, to accurately guide resection based on patient imaging data, ensuring precise alignment and orientation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional non-patient-specific cutting guides are used, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but the manufacturing precision and reliability of the osteotomy cut deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
Patient-specific cutting guides are designed and fabricated before surgery based on pre-operative imaging data (CT or MRI scans). The guides incorporate patient-specific anatomical surface contours that are determined in advance, allowing precise positioning on the patient's bone during surgery without requiring complex intraoperative adjustments.
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting guide includes a bone engagement surface that is a negative impression or copy of the patient's specific bone surface topology. This copied geometry allows the guide to fit precisely on the patient's anatomy, ensuring accurate positioning and orientation of the cutting instrument without requiring the guide itself to be complex or adjustable.
2Reliability
If manual resection is performed by a skilled surgeon, then the ease of operation is improved and no special instrumentation is needed, but the reliability and precision of the cut deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patient-specific cutting guide acts as an intermediary device between the surgeon's manual cutting action and the patient's bone. The guide translates the surgeon's simple manual cutting motion into a precise, reliable osteotomy by providing fixed positioning features and cutting angle guidance that are tailored to the patient's anatomy.
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting guide incorporates patient-specific anatomical parameters derived from pre-operative imaging, such as bone surface curvature, joint orientation angles, and ligament attachment locations. These parameters are embedded in the guide's geometry to ensure the cut is made at the precise location and orientation needed for that specific patient.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional cutting guides are used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the risk of improper cuts and tissue damage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting guide incorporates patient-specific anatomical features at specific locations on the bone surface, such as engagement surfaces matched to local bone contours, positioning features aligned with local anatomical landmarks, and cutting guides oriented according to local joint axes. This localized customization ensures protection of surrounding tissues while maintaining guide simplicity.
Data Source
AI summary
A patient-specific instrument is disclosed for performing an osteotomy. The patient-specific instrument includes a body that includes a proximal side, a distal side, a medial side, a lateral side, and an inferior side having a bone engagement surface shaped to match at least one of a first surface of a first bone, a second surface of a second bone, a third surface of a third bone, and a fourth surface of a fourth bone of adjacent joints. The instrument also includes a superior side having one or more guide features that are positioned to guide resection of at least one of the first bone, the second bone, the third bone, and the fourth bone. The body is configured to seat transverse to the adjacent joints with the bone engagement surface engaging at least one of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface.