Patient-Specific PPG Triggering for Accurate Cardiac Imaging

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing cardiac-triggered imaging methods, such as ECG-based MRI triggering, suffer from patient discomfort due to electrode placement and magnetic field interference, while camera-based PPG triggering introduces patient-specific delays leading to inaccurate imaging.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that measures patient-specific characteristics outside the imaging bore, generates a patient-specific model, and uses a triggering waveform inside the bore to determine an accurate imaging trigger signal, utilizing camera-based PPG without ECG electrodes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If ECG-based triggering is used for cardiac-triggered MRI, then accurate cardiac synchronization is achieved, but patient comfort deteriorates and imaging quality is disturbed due to electrode placement complexity and magnetic field interference

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecardiac synchronization accuracyVSAvoidmagnetic field interference and patient discomfort
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the triggering function from ECG electrodes and relocates it to camera-based PPG sensors positioned outside the MRI bore. This removes the harmful ECG leads and electrodes from the imaging environment, eliminating magnetic field interference while maintaining cardiac triggering capability through optical detection of pulse waves at peripheral sites.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the electrical contact-based ECG measurement system with an optical, contactless camera-based PPG system. This substitution eliminates the need for physical electrode contact and electrical signal transmission through the MRI bore, thereby removing the source of magnetic field interference while preserving the ability to detect cardiac timing events.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If camera-based PPG triggering is used to eliminate ECG electrodes, then patient comfort and imaging quality are improved, but patient-specific delays occur leading to inaccurate triggering

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemagnetic field interference eliminationVSAvoidtriggering accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary measurement of the pulse transit time delay between the PPG detection site and the heart during a calibration phase before actual imaging. This advance characterization of the patient-specific delay allows the system to pre-compensate for the timing offset, ensuring accurate cardiac synchronization despite the use of peripheral PPG signals.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the measured pulse transit time delay is used to adjust and optimize the triggering timing. By continuously refining the trigger signal based on the observed delay between PPG detection and actual cardiac events, the system achieves accurate synchronization that compensates for the inherent time lag in peripheral pulse detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If camera-based PPG processing is performed to achieve robust trigger detection, then triggering reliability is improved, but workflow delays increase reducing imaging speed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetrigger detection robustnessVSAvoidimaging workflow speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs complex PPG signal processing and patient-specific model generation during the patient setup phase before imaging begins. By completing the computationally intensive tasks of signal filtering, feature extraction, and delay calibration in advance, the system establishes a ready-to-use triggering model that enables fast, real-time trigger detection during the actual imaging workflow without causing delays.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances imaging speed and accuracy by reducing workflow delays and eliminating the need for in-bore electrode placement, improving patient comfort and imaging quality.

Implementation Method 1

camera-based PPG of the human face has been shown

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoplethysmography: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP4551116B1Determining a trigger signal for imaging
Publication Date: 2025.12.10 KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS NV
  • EP4551116B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4551116B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2f
  • EP4551116B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system (100) and method for determining a trigger signal for imaging with an imaging system (40) are provided. The method comprises the steps of: - measuring (S10) a patient-specific characteristic of a patient (30). The patient-specific characteristic is measured when the patient (30) is located at a first position (51) relative to the imaging system (40); - generating (S20) a patient-specific model based on the patient-specific characteristic; - measuring (S30) a triggering waveform of the patient (30). The triggering waveform is measured when the patient (30) is located at a second position (52) relative to the imaging system (40). The second position (52) is different from the first position (51); - determining (S40) the trigger signal based on the patient-specific model and the triggering waveform. The trigger signal is configured to trigger the imaging system (40) to acquire an image of the patient (30) in a time-resolved manner.