Pattern-Based 3D Spatial Analysis for Autonomous Spacecraft Docking

The patent replaces complex LIDAR systems with a camera-based photogrammetry system. Instead of using laser ranging technology, the invention uses a standard camera to capture images of a pattern (such as a checkerboard or dot pattern) on the target object, then processes these images computationally to achieve 3D measurement. This substitution of optical-mechanical system with a simpler optical-sensing system resolves the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity.

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-planning the camera's movement trajectory and positioning points before data acquisition. The system calculates in advance where the camera should be positioned to capture all necessary views of the target object, eliminating the need for multiple iterative acquisitions. This pre-computed path planning ensures complete coverage of invisible locations while minimizing the number of shots required, thus reducing time consumption.

The patent applies local quality by placing a specially designed pattern (such as a high-contrast checkerboard or dot pattern) on the target object at specific locations. This pattern provides rich feature information locally, enabling precise feature detection and matching even on otherwise featureless surfaces. The pattern acts as a localized feature-rich region that enhances measurement precision without requiring the entire surface to be feature-rich, thus resolving the contradiction between device simplicity and measurement accuracy.

The patent applies self-service by implementing automated trajectory planning and positioning systems that calculate and execute the camera's movement path without requiring specialist intervention. The system automatically determines optimal shooting positions, adjusts camera parameters, and processes images using algorithms that adapt to the captured data. This automation eliminates the need for skilled operators to manually plan each shot, making the system easy to operate while maintaining high measurement precision through computationally optimized data collection.