Pattern Polarization Antenna Arrays for Massive MIMO Beam Division
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional massive MIMO technologies face difficulties in implementing beamforming due to the need for extensive channel state information feedback, especially in wide service areas, and struggle with transmitting multiple streams efficiently in beam sectors with large condition numbers.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of pattern/polarization beam division multiple access (BDMA) method using multiple antenna arrays with different radiation patterns, allowing for simultaneous MIMO transmission in each beam sector while reusing frequency and reducing physical space requirements by configuring antenna arrays in an overlapping structure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If beamforming is applied to each UE device in a wide service area using conventional three sectors, then spatial control of interference is improved, but the amount of CSI feedback required becomes excessively large making implementation difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The service area is segmented into multiple beam sectors within each conventional sector, and each beam sector is further divided into sub-beam sectors. This hierarchical segmentation allows for more granular beamforming control while reducing the feedback burden by grouping UEs into smaller sub-beam sectors where channel conditions are more uniform.
Solution Approach 2:
Different beamforming strategies and precoding matrices are applied to different beam sectors and sub-beam sectors based on local channel conditions. Each sub-beam sector uses optimized precoding matrices selected from codebooks, allowing local adaptation to channel variations while maintaining overall system performance.
2Productivity
If a MIMO channel in a beam sector has a large condition number using conventional BDMA technology, then beam sector division is achieved, but the ability to transmit multiple streams is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically selects precoding matrices from codebooks based on current channel conditions and condition numbers. When condition numbers are large, the system adapts by selecting appropriate precoding matrices that optimize performance for the current MIMO channel state, rather than using fixed beamforming weights.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes key parameters including precoding matrix selection, beamforming weights, and transmission modes based on channel condition numbers. When condition numbers indicate poor MIMO performance, the system adjusts parameters to optimize for the current channel state, potentially switching between different transmission schemes.
3Productivity
If K antenna arrays are used to form B beam sectors with different radiation patterns for MIMO transmission, then spectral efficiency and degree of freedom are improved, but physical space requirements for antenna arrays increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces polarization dimensions to differentiate antenna array functions. By using antenna arrays with different polarization patterns (horizontal, vertical, slant polarizations), the system achieves spatial separation and MIMO capability without requiring increased physical horizontal or vertical spacing between arrays. The polarization domain provides an additional dimension for multiplexing.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs composite antenna array structures combining multiple polarization types within each array. Each antenna array integrates elements with different radiation patterns and polarizations, creating a composite structure that achieves diverse beamforming capabilities while maintaining compact physical footprints.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances spectral efficiency and degree of freedom, improving the system's ability to transmit multiple streams without increasing physical space for antenna arrays, thereby overcoming the limitations of conventional BDMA technology.
Implementation Method 1
generating a plurality of beam sectors for each antenna array by using a plurality of pattern/polarization antenna arrays
Implementation Method 2
performing beamforming on the precoded signals on the basis of a weight for each of the precoded signals
Implementation Method 3
performing MIMO transmission in each of the plurality of beam sectors
Implementation Method 4
the plurality of pattern/polarization antenna arrays each have a different radiation pattern
Data Source
AI summary
A massive antenna-based pattern/polarization beam division multiple access method and an apparatus performing the same are provided. The massive antenna-based pattern/polarization beam division multiple access method includes generating a plurality of beam sectors for each antenna array by using a plurality of pattern/polarization antenna arrays and performing MIMO transmission in each of the plurality of beam sectors, wherein the plurality of pattern/polarization antenna arrays each have a different radiation pattern.