Physiology-Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Individualized Medicament Dosage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for medicament dosage, such as Target Controlled Infusion, do not account for individual patient physiological, anatomical, biochemical, and genetic factors, leading to suboptimal pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing physiology-based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models to determine an optimal time profile for medicament administration, incorporating real-time physiological measurements and iterative adaptation to achieve precise dosage, is combined with an automated dosage device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a black-box pharmacokinetic model is used for medicament dosage control, then the system is simpler to implement, but individual patient physiological factors cannot be taken into account
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the pharmacokinetic model into multiple physiological compartments (central compartment, peripheral compartments, organs) that can individually represent different body systems. This allows the model to capture individual patient physiological factors while maintaining a structured, manageable framework for implementation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary determination of patient-specific physiological parameters (organ volumes, blood flow rates, enzyme activities) before medicament administration. This pre-characterization of individual physiology enables the model to be tailored to each patient beforehand, resolving the contradiction between model complexity and individualization capability.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a physiology-based pharmacokinetic model is used to account for individual patient factors, then individualized dosage can be achieved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameters of the pharmacokinetic model to reflect individual patient physiology by incorporating measured physiological data (organ sizes, blood flow rates, enzyme expression levels) into the model parameters. This allows the same model structure to be adapted to different patients through parameter adjustment rather than requiring entirely different models.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback loops where physiological measurements are continuously taken, the pharmacokinetic model is updated with these measurements, and dosage recommendations are adjusted accordingly. This feedback mechanism manages model complexity by using real-time data to maintain accuracy without requiring overly complex predetermined models.
3Manufacturing precision
If real-time physiological measurements are integrated into the dosage control system, then dosage precision is improved, but measurement and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a multi-functional integrated system that combines physiological sensing, pharmacokinetic modeling, and dosage control in a single platform. The system can measure multiple physiological parameters (blood flow, enzyme activity, organ function) and uses them collectively to determine dosage, reducing overall system complexity through functional integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a pharmacokinetic model as an intermediary between physiological measurements and dosage control decisions. Rather than directly translating raw measurements into dosage commands, the model processes the measurement data through physiological relationships to generate optimized dosage recommendations, simplifying the control architecture.
4Reliability
If iterative adaptation of the pharmacokinetic model is performed to optimize dosage profile, then treatment efficacy is improved, but computational time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary iterative optimization of the pharmacokinetic model during patient setup or baseline characterization before actual medicament administration begins. This pre-optimization establishes an accurate individualized model that can then be used for rapid dosage determination during treatment, reducing real-time computational requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial iterative adaptation by focusing computational efforts on the most critical model parameters and physiological compartments that have the greatest impact on dosage accuracy. Rather than fully optimizing all model aspects continuously, the system performs targeted iterations on key parameters, reducing computational time while maintaining treatment efficacy.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for the controlled dosage of a medicament as a function of time by means of a method for the determination of a corresponding dosage profile and corresponding control of a dosage instrument.