PCB Allocation on Fitting Lines via Integer Linear Programming

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing methods for allocating printed circuit boards to assembly lines are often manual or semi-automatic, leading to unbalanced utilization of resources, resulting in high utilization of one component and low utilization of another, which hampers the optimal use of the assembly system.

Innovation Solution

A method using integer linear programming to detect requirements and allocate circuit boards to assembly lines, determining setup families based on component types, and optimizing the assignment to achieve balanced utilization by minimizing setup families and reducing component changes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If manual or semi-automatic allocation methods are used, then the allocation process is simple to implement, but the utilization of assembly line resources becomes unbalanced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveallocation process simplicityVSAvoidassembly line utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual or semi-automatic allocation methods with an automated computer-based system that uses integer linear programming algorithms. This substitution transforms the allocation process from a manual operational task to an automated computational optimization process, achieving both ease of operation through automation and improved productivity through optimal resource utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the allocation approach by introducing mathematical parameters and optimization criteria. By formulating the allocation problem as an integer linear programming model with objective functions and constraints, the system transforms qualitative allocation decisions into quantitative optimization parameters, enabling balanced resource utilization while maintaining operational simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If assembly lines keep more component types ready, then more circuit board variants can be assembled, but the armor changes become more frequent and complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit board variant capabilityVSAvoidsetup change complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating optimal allocation plans using integer linear programming before production begins. The system determines in advance which circuit boards should be assigned to which assembly lines and what component armors should be prepared, thereby avoiding frequent and complex setup changes during production while maintaining the ability to handle diverse circuit board variants.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system introduces dynamics by allowing flexible adjustment of component armor configurations based on real-time production requirements. The integer linear programming model dynamically optimizes the assignment of circuit boards to assembly lines and the selection of component armors, enabling the system to adapt to different production scenarios without requiring all possible component types to be constantly available on each line.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If assembly lines are assigned more circuit boards, then productivity increases, but the production time capacity may be exceeded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit board throughputVSAvoidproduction time capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by assigning circuit boards to assembly lines in optimized portions rather than uniformly. The integer linear programming model determines the exact number of circuit boards that should be assigned to each assembly line based on their production time capacities, ensuring that productivity is maximized without exceeding any single line's time capacity constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates feedback mechanisms by continuously monitoring production time usage and adjusting allocations accordingly. The optimization model uses feedback from production capacity constraints to refine allocation decisions, ensuring that increased throughput does not lead to capacity violations. This feedback-driven approach allows the system to push productivity limits while maintaining feasible operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP2829165B1Allocation of printed circuit boards on fitting lines
Publication Date: 2019.07.17 SIEMENS AG
  • EP2829165B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2829165B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2829165B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention concerns a fitting system which comprises a plurality of fitting lines for fitting printed circuit boards with electronic components. A method for allocating printed circuit boards to the fitting lines comprises the following steps: determining of requirements for fitting each of a plurality of printed circuit boards with allocated components; and allocating of the printed circuit boards to fitting lines under predetermined conditions by means of integral linear programming. Equipment families are then determined for the fitting lines on the basis of the allocation, and the allocation is repeated until a criterion has reached a predetermined threshold, the criterion being established on the basis of the number of equipment families of the fitting lines, an equipment family comprising a quantity of different components with which a fitting line can be fitted in order to fit a predetermined amount of printed circuit boards.