Built-In PCB Antenna Layout for Wider Bandwidth and Radiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional external loop antennas in vehicles face issues with signal attenuation due to multiple coaxial cables, poor assembly workability, and limited scalability, as well as narrow bandwidth in built-in antennas, which affects radiation performance.
Innovation Solution
A built-in antenna design featuring a plate-shaped structure with multiple printed circuit boards (PCBs) arranged to enhance bandwidth and efficiency, including a first PCB with antenna areas, a second PCB with additional antenna patterns, and a third PCB for electrical connection, utilizing copper foil auxiliary patterns for isolation and improved radiation performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple coaxial cables are used to connect external loop antenna and transmitting/receiving unit for LTE or V2X services, then more antenna services can be provided, but signal attenuation and deterioration occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple antenna functions into a single integrated antenna module with multiple antenna elements (first antenna element, second antenna element, third antenna element, fourth antenna element) that can provide LTE, V2X, and other communication services simultaneously through one roof-mounted antenna, eliminating the need for multiple separate antennas and coaxial cables
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated antenna module is designed to support multiple communication standards and services (LTE, V2X, DMB, etc.) through a single antenna structure, making the antenna system universal and adaptable to various communication requirements without needing separate dedicated antennas for each service
2Ease of manufacture
If external roof antenna is assembled using bolt and nut through roof hole, then antenna can be mounted on roof panel, but assembly workability is poor and waterproof performance decreases due to pad aging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical assembly system (bolt, nut, pad) with a clip-based mechanical fastening system that achieves both easy assembly and reliable waterproofing. The clip structure (with first clip and second clip) mechanically secures the antenna module to the roof panel without requiring threaded fasteners or separate waterproofing pads
3Adaptability or versatility
If built-in antenna is designed as single structure in limited space, then antenna can be integrated in vehicle, but bandwidth is narrow and radiation performance is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the antenna into multiple separate antenna elements (first antenna element, second antenna element, third antenna element, fourth antenna element) that are spatially separated and can be independently optimized for different frequency bands and radiation patterns, enabling broad bandwidth coverage while maintaining manageable structural complexity through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes three-dimensional spatial arrangement of multiple antenna elements at different positions and orientations (with specific spacing distances) to achieve broad bandwidth and enhanced radiation performance, transforming the problem from a two-dimensional planar constraint to a three-dimensional spatial optimization solution
Data Source
AI summary
A built-in antenna includes a first printed circuit board (PCB) having antenna areas arranged so that at least one antenna area is arranged at each of the corners of the first PCB. The antenna areas are spaced apart from one another, and circuit components are arranged in areas other than the antenna areas. A second PCB has first antenna patterns respectively arranged at locations corresponding to the antenna areas on the first PCB. A third PCB is vertically coupled to the first and second PCBs to electrically connect them. The second PCB includes a second antenna pattern arranged in an area other than areas in which the first antenna patterns are arranged. This increases a degree of freedom in design and improves bandwidth and efficiency by arranging each antenna in a plate-shaped structure.