PCB Antenna Layout Using Parasitic Elements for Directional Emission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless communication devices with omnidirectional antennas face limitations in improving radio wave emission characteristics, particularly in achieving desired directivity for WiMAX and LTE standards, as they require large reflection boards that also affect wireless LAN communication, leading to suboptimal performance.
Innovation Solution
A wireless communication device configuration featuring an omnidirectional antenna element with a parasitic antenna element adjacent to it, where the parasitic antenna is half the wavelength of the omnidirectional antenna, and a ground plane serves as a reflection board to achieve directional antenna capabilities without the need for large reflection boards.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large reflection board is attached to adjust antenna directivity, then radio wave emission characteristics in a specific direction are improved, but the device size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the ground plane (which is already present for electrical shielding) with the reflection board function. By forming a conductive pattern on the back surface of the housing that connects to the ground potential, the same structure serves both as electrical shielding and as a reflection surface for adjusting antenna directivity, thereby eliminating the need for a separate large reflection board.
Solution Approach 2:
The ground plane is given dual functionality: it provides electrical shielding (its original function) and simultaneously acts as a reflection board for antenna directivity control. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for additional components and reduces overall device complexity while maintaining improved radio wave emission characteristics.
2Reliability
If the home router is installed near a window for better radio wave reception, then external communication is improved, but the antenna directivity cannot be properly adjusted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates the ground plane reflection board into the antenna design during manufacturing, so that the antenna is pre-configured with the optimal reflection surface for achieving desired directivity. This preliminary configuration eliminates the need for users to manually adjust or add reflection boards after installation, making the device ready-to-use immediately upon placement near a window.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for the alignment of antenna directivity in desired directions, enhancing wireless communication performance by emitting strong radio waves in specific directions, thus improving the overall communication environment.
Implementation Method 1
a ground plane connected to a ground potential is formed on the printed board so as to cover an area other than a part where an electronic circuit is formed on the printed board
Implementation Method 2
an entire length of the parasitic antenna element is set to be a length that is (1⁄2) of a wavelength of radio waves handled by the omnidirectional antenna element
Data Source
AI summary
In an antenna configuration in which two omnidirectional antenna elements that are arranged on a printed board, a device GND plane connected to a ground potential is formed on the printed board so as to cover an area other than a part where an electronic circuit is formed on the printed board, and parasitic antenna elements that are a first parasitic antenna element and a second parasitic antenna element are arranged at positions adjacent to the respective two omnidirectional antenna elements, in a state of being parallel to the omnidirectional antenna elements, and the parasitic antenna elements are arranged in a state of being close to the device GND plane, and entire lengths of the parasitic antenna elements are each set to be a length that is (½) of a wavelength of radio waves handled by the omnidirectional antenna element.