PCB Antenna Grounding Layout for Low-Profile Radiation Performance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Antennas directly placed on printed circuit boards (PCBs) with metal plates form capacitor structures, affecting radiation performance and failing to meet low-profile structural requirements.
Innovation Solution
The metal layer in the PCB is electrically connected to a metal plate, forming a system ground to avoid capacitor structures, using conductive members like conductive foam, metal springs, or metal ejector pins to ensure grounding, thereby improving radiation performance while maintaining a low profile.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of stationary object
If the antenna is directly set on the PCB, then the structural profile is low, but the PCB and metal plate form a capacitor structure that affects radiation performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the grounding function from the PCB structure by introducing a separate metal plate that serves as a dedicated system ground. This separates the antenna radiation function from the PCB support function, eliminating the harmful capacitor effect while maintaining direct antenna-PCB contact for low profile.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a conductive member as an intermediary to electrically connect the metal plate (system ground) to the second area of the PCB. This intermediary provides a controlled electrical connection path that grounds the metal plate without creating unwanted capacitance between the PCB and metal plate structures.
2Reliability
If a plastic bracket is used to raise the antenna surface, then electromagnetic influence is minimized, but the low-profile structural requirement cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the need for plastic brackets by extracting the grounding function into a separate metal plate system. This allows the antenna to be mounted directly on the PCB without elevation structures, achieving both low profile and electromagnetic performance through proper grounding architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the grounding parameter implementation by using a metal plate with specific electrical connection characteristics instead of insulating plastic brackets. This parameter change (from insulating support to conductive grounding) enables direct antenna mounting while controlling electromagnetic effects through proper ground referencing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances antenna radiation efficiency and directivity by preventing capacitive interference between the PCB and metal plate, allowing for a compact design.
Implementation Method 1
The metal plate is electrically connected to the second area via a conductive member; one end of the conductive member is connected to the metal plate, and the other end of the conductive member passes through the through hole and abuts against the second area
Implementation Method 2
the first area forms a radiator; a first radiating portion, connected to a feed source to feed an excitation signal
Data Source
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AI summary
The present application discloses an antenna apparatus, a screen projector, and a terminal device. The antenna apparatus comprises: a PCB comprising a substrate layer and a metal layer which are stacked, the metal layer comprising a first region and a second region, and the first region forming a radiator; and a metal plate spaced apart from the PCB and located on one side of the substrate layer, the metal plate forming a system ground, and the metal plate being electrically connected to the second region, so that the second region is grounded.