Printed Wiring Board Conductor Phase Coherence
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing printed wiring boards experience signal degradation due to phase differences in differential signal transmission, particularly in high-frequency signals, as conductors with curved parts have unequal lengths and varying relative permittivity, leading to waveform distortion and reduced signal amplitude.
Innovation Solution
A printed wiring board design featuring conductors with linear and curved parts where the inner conductor is covered by an insulator and the outer conductor is partially uncovered, with a lower relative permittivity, and a plating on the surface of the uncovered part to maintain phase coherence and reduce transmission loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If conductors with curved parts are used to route differential signals, then the wiring can be arranged on the printed wiring board, but the unequal lengths of inner and outer conductors cause phase differences leading to signal degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making the inner conductor uncovered in the curved part while keeping the outer conductor covered, creating asymmetric local properties. This asymmetric design compensates for the different path lengths of inner and outer conductors, maintaining equal effective lengths and phase coherence for differential signal transmission.
2Manufacturing precision
If the inner conductor is uncovered in the curved part, then the effective length can be equalized with the outer conductor, but the relative permittivity varies causing transmission loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the relative permittivity parameter by removing the insulator covering from the inner conductor in the curved part. This creates a region with different dielectric properties (lower effective permittivity) that compensates for the longer path length, equalizing the effective electrical length between inner and outer conductors and reducing phase difference.
3Loss of energy
If plating is applied to the uncovered part of the inner conductor, then transmission loss is reduced, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by restricting plating only to the uncovered curved part of the inner conductor where it is most needed for reducing transmission loss, rather than plating the entire conductor. This targeted approach minimizes the additional manufacturing complexity while maximizing the benefit in the critical region.
Data Source
AI summary
First and second conductors extend on and along a first surface of a substrate. The first conductor includes first and second parts extending in first and second directions and a third part connected to the first and second parts. The second conductor includes fourth and fifth parts extending in the first and second directions and a sixth part connected to the fourth and fifth parts. A first insulator partly covers the first surface, covers the first to fifth parts, and is partly opened in a first region extending along the sixth part above the sixth part in a third direction.