PCB Multi-Channel Filter With Shielded Tracks for Low Electron Temperature
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing filters are ineffective in reducing the effective electron temperature in signal guiding to/from quantum computer processors, particularly at low temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A multi-channel filter is designed using a printed circuit board (PCB) with elongate signal tracks and shielding tracks, where the signal tracks are not galvanically connected to each other, and an electromagnetically absorbing material covers the signal tracks to reduce electron temperature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If signal tracks are placed close together to increase channel density, then productivity is improved, but electromagnetic interference between channels increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces shielding tracks as intermediary elements positioned between adjacent signal tracks. These shielding tracks act as mediators that block electromagnetic field coupling between neighboring signal tracks, enabling higher channel density without increasing interference. The shielding tracks are electrically connected to ground potential, effectively absorbing and redirecting electromagnetic energy away from adjacent signal paths.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the electromagnetic environment by dividing the space between signal tracks with shielding tracks. This segmentation creates isolated electromagnetic zones for each signal track, preventing cross-talk and interference. The segmentation is achieved by placing conductive shielding elements at regular intervals between signal tracks, effectively partitioning the electromagnetic field distribution.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If shielding tracks are added between signal tracks to reduce interference, then electromagnetic interference is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The shielding tracks serve multiple functions simultaneously: they provide electromagnetic shielding between signal tracks, act as reference planes for impedance control, and can be used as ground return paths. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated shielding structures, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while achieving effective interference reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the shielding function with the existing ground plane structure by extending the ground connections to form shielding tracks between signal paths. Instead of adding completely separate shielding components, the design integrates shielding functionality into the existing PCB trace architecture, reducing overall structural complexity.
3Temperature
If electromagnetically absorbing material is applied to signal tracks to reduce electron temperature, then electron temperature is reduced, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs porous electromagnetically absorbing materials that can be applied as coatings or powders on the signal tracks. The porous structure provides a larger surface area for electromagnetic interaction while allowing for less precise application methods. The material can be deposited as a powder coating or spray application, tolerating greater variations in thickness and coverage while maintaining effective electron temperature reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite electromagnetically absorbing materials that combine multiple properties in a single layer. These composite materials integrate electromagnetic absorption capabilities with adhesion promoters and protective coatings, allowing for robust application with moderate precision requirements. The composite structure maintains effectiveness even with variations in application thickness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The filter effectively reduces electron temperature by preventing direct signal transfer between signal tracks and utilizing electromagnetically absorbing materials to absorb energy from electrons, thereby maintaining signal integrity in quantum computer processors.
Implementation Method 1
a first electromagnetically absorbing material covering the first elongate signal tracks
Implementation Method 2
one or more first elongate shielding tracks, each signal track formed by an electrically conducting or absorbing path on the first surface, one of the first elongate shielding track(s) being positioned between each pair of neighbouring first elongate signal tracks
Data Source
AI summary
A multi-channel filter with a PCB with a first side with signalling tracks and shielding tracks between neighbouring signalling tracks. On the second side, a conductive layer is provided. The signalling tracks are covered by an electromagnetically absorbing material, such as a powder of an electrically conducting material is provided. The filter may have sections with reversed structure where the conductors are on the second side and the layer on the first side, where the conductors on opposite sides are interconnected. The filter may be rolled or folded.