PCB Slits for Low-Frequency Noise Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing methods for blocking low-frequency noise in printed circuit boards, such as using high-capacity capacitors or physical separation, are inefficient due to space constraints and increased material costs, and fail to effectively separate low-frequency and high-frequency bands in thin and light electronic devices.
Innovation Solution
A printed circuit board with a layered structure featuring slits in the ground plane and ground bridge structures to create a return current path for high-speed signal lines, allowing for effective noise blocking and maintaining signal quality across frequency bands.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If high-capacity capacitors are used to block low-frequency noise, then noise blocking performance is improved, but mounting space is decreased and material cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ground plane is segmented by introducing slits that divide it into multiple regions. This segmentation creates electromagnetic isolation between different functional areas (such as RF regions and audio regions), blocking low-frequency noise without requiring additional capacitor components, thus preserving mounting space.
Solution Approach 2:
The noise blocking function is achieved by transitioning from a two-dimensional ground plane to a three-dimensional electromagnetic field control structure. Slits are introduced that extend through multiple layers of the PCB, creating vertical electromagnetic isolation that blocks noise in the frequency domain without occupying additional planar space.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If high-capacity capacitors are used to block low-frequency noise, then noise blocking performance is improved, but material cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ground plane serves multiple functions: it provides the reference potential for high-speed signals, blocks low-frequency noise through slit-induced electromagnetic isolation, and maintains signal integrity. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate noise-blocking capacitors, reducing material cost while achieving noise blocking.
Solution Approach 2:
The ground plane structure itself is designed to provide noise blocking functionality through strategically placed slits. The ground plane serves its own noise filtering needs without requiring external passive components, thereby reducing material costs and simplifying the bill of materials.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If ground is partially separated to block noise, then noise blocking is improved, but high-speed signal wiring capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Ground bridge structures are introduced as intermediary elements that connect separated ground regions. These bridges provide controlled impedance paths that maintain signal integrity for high-speed signals while allowing the ground to be segmented for noise blocking purposes. The bridges act as mediators between noise isolation requirements and signal routing needs.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If complete separation of low-frequency and high-frequency regions is implemented, then noise blocking is improved, but mounting flexibility is decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The ground isolation structure is designed with dynamic adaptability through variable slit configurations. The slits can be positioned and dimensioned differently in different regions of the PCB to accommodate various component layouts and signal routing requirements. This dynamic design allows the same noise blocking mechanism to adapt to different mounting scenarios and device form factors.
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device according to various embodiments of the disclosure may include a printed circuit board constructed with a layered structure of a plurality of boards, and may include, among the plurality of boards, a circuit board constructed around a first region to which an acoustic component is disposed, and having at least one slit constructed to block a low-frequency band noise.