Multilayer PCB Temperature Sensing for Battery Cell Connectors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems struggle to effectively monitor the temperature of multiple individual cells, leading to inaccurate and delayed temperature measurements.
Innovation Solution
A battery with a multilayer printed circuit board featuring heat-insulating material, multiple temperature sensors, and a multi-pole connector for precise temperature measurement, along with vias and thermally conductive sheaths for improved heat transfer and reduced heat absorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a temperature measuring device is added to monitor battery cell temperatures, then temperature monitoring capability is improved, but the device absorbs heat from the battery cells leading to measurement inaccuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring device is segmented into multiple independent temperature sensors distributed at different positions on the circuit board, each measuring temperature at specific locations without concentrating heat absorption in one area
Solution Approach 2:
A circuit board serves as an intermediary between the temperature sensors and the battery cells, providing thermal isolation while enabling electrical connection and signal transmission
2Measurement precision
If multiple temperature sensors are arranged on a circuit board to monitor numerous battery cells, then temperature monitoring coverage is improved, but the response time of temperature measurement is delayed
Solution Approach 1:
Temperature sensors are positioned at specific critical locations on the circuit board where temperature gradients are most significant, ensuring accurate local temperature measurement without requiring sensors at every possible position
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit board provides a two-dimensional mounting surface that allows multiple sensors to be arranged in space, enabling comprehensive temperature monitoring of numerous battery cells simultaneously without increasing response time
3Object-affected harmful factors
If a multilayer printed circuit board with heat-insulating material is used as the carrier, then heat absorption by the measuring device is reduced, but the complexity of the device structure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The circuit board is constructed as a composite structure with heat-insulating material layers combined with conductor layers, providing both thermal isolation and electrical functionality in a single integrated component
Solution Approach 2:
The multilayer circuit board simultaneously serves multiple functions: mechanical support for sensors, electrical connection pathway, thermal isolation barrier, and structural mounting platform, eliminating the need for separate components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and rapid temperature monitoring of numerous battery cells by minimizing heat absorption and ensuring direct thermal contact, enhancing measurement accuracy and response time.
Implementation Method 1
the printed circuit board is made of a heat-insulating material, so that it has a low heat capacity. The temperature measuring device itself therefore absorbs only a small amount of heat from the battery being measured.
Implementation Method 2
The temperature sensors are primarily temperature-dependent resistors, such as NTC thermistors (Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistors). These resistors conduct electrical current better at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures.
Implementation Method 3
The lower conductor layer has a second insulated area for each temperature sensor, serving as a thermal contact surface with the object being measured. These thermal contact surfaces in the lower conductor layer are arranged so that they can be positioned directly on the surface of a battery to be measured, where they are in thermal contact with the surface.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2(a)~2(b)
Figure 3
AI summary
An electric battery (20) comprises a multiplicity of individual cells (21). The battery (20) has at least one temperature measurement device (10). The temperature measurement device (10) comprises a multilayer circuit board (1) as carrier element, having an upper conductive layer (1a) and a lower conductive layer (1b), a multiplicity of temperature sensors (2) that are each configured to generate a temperature-dependent measured signal, and a multipole terminal (11) for reading the measured signals. Each of the multiplicity of temperature sensors (2) is in each case arranged on a first insulated region (5a) of the upper conductive layer (1a). The lower conductive layer (1b) has, for each temperature sensor (2), a second insulated region (5b) as thermal contact surface. Each first insulated region (5a) is thermally conductively connected to a corresponding second insulated region (5b), in each case via at least one through-connection (4). The second insulated regions (5b) are each in thermally conductive contact with at least one cell connector (22) of the battery (20).