3D Printing Tool for Phase Change Material Encapsulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing 3D printing technologies face challenges in processing non-polymeric materials like phase change materials (PCM) without contamination, leading to unreliable and complex multi-material designs.

Innovation Solution

The use of multiple specialized tools that process specific materials intermittently, allowing for the creation of designs with a polymeric shell and a PCM core, while preventing material contamination and optimizing processing conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single multi-function tool is used to process both polymeric and non-polymeric materials, then the device complexity is reduced, but material contamination occurs and processing reliability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetool structureVSAvoidmaterial contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the processing function into separate specialized tools: one for polymeric materials and another for non-polymeric materials (PCM). Each tool is dedicated to a specific material type, preventing cross-contamination while maintaining manageable device complexity through modular architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the non-polymeric material processing function from the polymeric material processing tool. By separating these incompatible processing functions into distinct tools, the system eliminates material contamination issues that would arise from attempting to process both material types in a single tool.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If multiple specialized tools are used to process different materials independently, then material contamination is prevented and reliability improves, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial contaminationVSAvoidtool structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs a universal tool holder and control architecture that can accommodate multiple specialized tools. This multi-functional platform allows the system to switch between different material processing tools as needed, maintaining high reliability through specialized processing while managing device complexity through a unified control system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The tool holder acts as an intermediary component that connects specialized processing tools to the 3D printing system. This mediator enables independent tool operation and material deposition while integrating the tools into a cohesive system, balancing reliability improvement with controlled device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If a single tool processes multiple materials with different temperature requirements, then the device complexity is reduced, but the adaptability to different material processing conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetool structureVSAvoidmaterial compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments material processing into specialized tools, each optimized for specific material types and their respective temperature requirements. This segmentation allows each tool to be highly adaptive to its designated material while the overall system maintains manageable complexity through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each processing tool is designed with local quality optimized for its specific material type. The polymeric material tool has heating and extrusion characteristics suited for polymers, while the non-polymeric material tool has characteristics optimized for PCM or other non-polymeric materials, enabling high adaptability to different material processing conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the reliable and flexible production of macrocapsules with PCM, allowing for complex geometries and multiple material combinations, thereby reducing contamination risks and increasing the versatility of 3D printing systems.

Implementation Method 1

tubing (308) equipped with a thermal sleeve (307) and thermal insulation (306) through which the non-polymeric material will drain/flow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Implementation Method 2

tool head (305) composed of fittings complementary to those of the tool holder (104) and equipped with resistors and thermocouples (304)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermocouple effect: Thermocouple

Implementation Method 3

non-polymeric materials, such as phase change materials (PCM), that will have to sustain phase changes (solid, liquid or gas) within a closed, watertight design

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP4552827A1Tool for processing nonpolymeric materials and 3D printing encapsulation method
Publication Date: 2025.05.14 UNIV AVEIRO
  • EP4552827A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4552827A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4552827A1 patent drawing

AI summary

The present invention relates to a tool and method of encapsulating a phase change material (PCM) by 3D printing. The PCM encapsulation system comprises non-polymeric material processing tools (106, 107) incorporated into a 3D printer system (101) with tool change capability and the PCM encapsulation method using these same tools, intermittently with other polymer processing tools (102, 103), responsible for the deposition of polymer A (401) and polymer B (402), which move in a system of horizontal axes (105), coupled to a tool holder (104), to deposit the material and fill it on an adjustable temperature basis (109), constituting a multi-material design (108) with polymeric shell and PCM interior. This invention makes it possible to create complex designs and is a solution to the current problems of flexible production of phase change materials (PCM) macrocapsules.