PCR Biological Analysis System With RFID-Assisted Automated Setup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biological analysis systems, such as PCR systems, require manual operation and intervention, leading to inefficiency and inconsistency in setup and installation.
Innovation Solution
A biological analysis system with automated components, including a thermal block and a heated cover, that can perform PCR assays with minimal human intervention, using RFID tags for sample and reagent identification, and a computer system for control and data processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If manual operation is used in existing biological analysis systems, then operators can directly control the setup and operation, but efficiency and consistency are reduced due to manual intervention
Solution Approach 1:
The system automatically detects the presence of sample blocks, heated covers, and reagent containers using RFID tags and sensors, and autonomously configures assay parameters without requiring manual intervention. The controller automatically reads RFID data from tags on sample blocks and reagent containers to configure the assay protocol, eliminating manual setup steps and improving both efficiency and consistency.
Solution Approach 2:
RFID tags are pre-attached to sample blocks, heated covers, and reagent containers with identification data and assay parameters stored beforehand. This preliminary encoding of information allows the system to automatically retrieve and configure assay parameters when components are loaded, eliminating the need for manual setup and ensuring consistent operation.
2Productivity
If automated components with RFID tags are implemented, then setup efficiency and consistency are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
RFID tags are used for multiple functions including identification of components, storage of assay parameters, and tracking of sample information. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate systems for each function, thereby managing complexity while improving productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The RFID tags serve as intermediaries between the physical components (sample blocks, reagent containers) and the control system. They carry all necessary identification and parameter information, allowing the controller to automatically configure assays without complex manual programming or multiple separate systems.
3Extent of automation
If RFID tags are used for sample and reagent identification, then automated recognition and setup are enabled, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
RFID tags are attached to disposable components such as sample blocks and reagent containers that are replaced after use. The tags themselves are relatively simple and inexpensive components that can be manufactured and attached during the production of these disposable items, reducing overall manufacturing complexity while enabling automated recognition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates efficient and consistent setup and operation of PCR systems, reducing manual effort and enhancing precision and reliability in PCR processes.
Implementation Method 1
A PCR system typically has a thermal cycler that heats and cools the samples over a number of cycles to achieve the desired amplification
Implementation Method 2
WO 2009/102924 describes a thermal cycling instrument for PCR and other reactions performed on multiple samples with temperature changes between sequential stages in the reaction procedure is supplied with a thermal block to provide rapid changes and close control over the temperature in each sample vessel
Data Source
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AI summary
A system for biological analysis includes a housing, a block assembly within the housing having a sample block and a baseplate, a heated cover and a cover carrier. The sample block receives a sample holder comprising an RFID tag. A first drive mechanism generates relative movement between the sample block and the baseplate along a first axis. A second drive mechanism generates relative movement between the heated cover and the cover carrier along a second axis that is different from the first axis. Based on a first command the first drive mechanism releasably engages the sample block and operates the second drive mechanism to releasably engage the heated cover with the cover carrier. The system also includes first and second RFID antennas that receive RFID data from the sample holder RFID tag that is read by at least one RFID reader.