PDCP Duplication via MAC-CE Control for 5G Reliability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current 5G NR communication systems face challenges in optimizing power headroom and latency, particularly in scenarios requiring low latency and high reliability, such as ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), due to limitations in error correction and retransmission processes at the RLC layer.

Innovation Solution

Implementing PDCP duplication above the RLC layer, utilizing dual connectivity and carrier aggregation to process and transmit duplicated traffic packets through different physical resources, with RLC entity activation/deactivation controlled by RRC configuration and MAC layer elements to improve latency and reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If PDCP duplication is implemented to improve reliability and reduce latency, then transmission reliability and latency are improved, but device complexity and power consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the duplication control into multiple layers: RRC configuration establishes the foundation, MAC-CE provides dynamic activation/deactivation control, and DCI offers fine-grained per-packet control. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high reliability through duplication while managing complexity by distributing control functions across different protocol layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic control mechanisms where MAC-CE messages can activate or deactivate duplication bearers based on current channel conditions and traffic requirements, and DCI can dynamically select which duplication bearer to use for each packet. This dynamic approach allows the system to adapt to changing conditions, improving reliability when needed while reducing complexity and power consumption when duplication is not required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Loss of time

If PDCP duplication is implemented to reduce latency, then transmission latency is reduced, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission latencyVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic or event-driven activation of duplication based on MAC-CE commands received from the network. Instead of continuously maintaining duplication active, the system activates duplication bearers periodically or when specific events occur (such as channel degradation or high-priority traffic), processes packets through the appropriate bearer, and then deactivates when no longer needed. This periodic action pattern reduces power consumption while still achieving low latency when required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The dynamic activation and deactivation of duplication bearers through MAC-CE and DCI control allows the system to consume power only when duplication is actually needed for latency-critical transmissions. The system can switch between single-bearer and dual-bearer modes dynamically, optimizing the trade-off between latency reduction and power consumption based on real-time network conditions and traffic requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Reliability

If multiple RLC entities are configured for PDCP duplication, then transmission reliability improves, but control signaling overhead increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission reliabilityVSAvoidcontrol signaling overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments control signaling into three distinct types with different functions and granularities: RRC configuration messages establish the duplication bearers and their parameters, MAC-CE messages provide medium-term activation/deactivation control, and DCI messages provide short-term per-packet bearer selection. This segmentation allows the system to maintain multiple RLC entities for reliability while managing signaling overhead by using the appropriate control mechanism for each situation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial control where MAC-CE activates or deactivates entire duplication bearers based on traffic flow requirements, and DCI provides selective control on a per-packet basis only when needed. This partial control approach reduces signaling overhead compared to controlling every aspect at the finest granularity, while still maintaining the ability to achieve high reliability through duplication when required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP4038995B1Methods and apparatuses for mac-ce design and power headroom considerations for PDCP duplication enhancements
Publication Date: 2024.06.12 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP4038995B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4038995B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2D
  • EP4038995B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A user equipment (UE) may utilize multiple radio link control (RLC) entities to duplicate packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) packets for improved reception. The UE may receive a configuration for dual connectivity with a master cell group and with a secondary cell group, wherein the configuration identifies a plurality of configured RLC entities, each RLC entity being associated with one of the master cell group or the secondary cell group. The UE may receive, at the UE, an indication of an activation status for each of at least a first subset of the configured RLC entities from one cell group of the master cell group or the secondary cell group. The UE may set the activation status of each of the first subset of the configured RLC entities that are associated with the one cell group from which the indication is received based on the indication.