PdIn Alloy Catalyst Selective Poisoning for Alkynol Hydrogenation
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of alkynol substances, such as the Lindlar catalyst, suffer from high toxicity, poor water phase stability, and insufficient selectivity, while Pd-based alloy catalysts have low specific surface area and reduced catalytic activity due to Pd site exposure issues.
Innovation Solution
A PdIn alloy catalyst is developed, where In atoms selectively occupy edge and corner positions of Pd metal particles, supported by a nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material, enhancing catalytic activity and stability through selective poisoning and high dispersion of Pd metal particles.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If Lindlar catalyst is used for hydrogenation of alkynol substances, then catalytic activity is achieved, but toxicity is high and water phase stability is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing traditional Lindlar catalyst components (lead, calcium carbide) with a Pd-based alloy system supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon. This parameter substitution maintains catalytic activity while eliminating toxicity, achieving high selectivity (95-99%) and stability in water phase environments.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite catalyst system combining Pd-based alloy nanoparticles with nitrogen-doped porous carbon support. This composite structure integrates the catalytic functionality of Pd with the high surface area and stability of nitrogen-doped carbon, resolving the contradiction between activity and stability while reducing toxicity.
2Reliability
If Pd-based alloy catalysts are obtained by high-temperature hydrogen reduction with reducible oxide as support, then catalytic activity is achieved, but specific surface area is low and Pd sites exposed on surface are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs nitrogen-doped porous carbon as the support material, which possesses high specific surface area and well-defined pore structures. This porous support accommodates Pd-based alloy nanoparticles, maximizing the exposed Pd sites while maintaining high catalytic activity. The nitrogen doping further enhances the surface area and provides active sites for catalyst-support interaction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive and less stable reducible oxide supports with nitrogen-doped porous carbon, which offers superior surface area and stability. This substitution allows for better dispersion of Pd particles and increased number of exposed catalytic sites, resolving the surface area limitation of traditional oxide supports.
3Manufacturing precision
If In atoms occupy edge and corner positions of Pd metal particles, then selectivity is improved through selective poisoning, but Pd sites available for reaction are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies selective poisoning by positioning In atoms specifically at the edge and corner sites of Pd nanoparticles, while leaving the terrace sites available for catalysis. This local differentiation of surface composition achieves high selectivity for alkynol hydrogenation (95-99%) while preserving sufficient catalytic activity through the remaining exposed Pd sites. The controlled distribution of In atoms creates distinct functional zones on the catalyst surface.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The PdIn alloy catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic properties with high selectivity and stability, maintaining activity over multiple uses and offering a large specific surface area for effective alkynol hydrogenation reactions.
Implementation Method 1
In atoms of the In metal particles migrated to surfaces of Pd particles selectively occupy edge and corner positions of metal lattice of Pd metal particles
Implementation Method 2
the PdIn alloy catalyst has an excellent catalytic property
Implementation Method 3
Pd metal particles are distributed in the plurality of passages, the Pd metal particles have a dispersity of 70% to 95% in the nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material
Implementation Method 4
The carbon material has a large specific surface area, is easy to control and an ideal catalyst carrier
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a PdIn alloy catalyst including a carrier and Pd metal particles supported by the carrier, the carrier is a nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material having a plurality of passages, Pd metal particles are distributed in the plurality of passages, the nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material includes a nitrogen-doped porous carbon material, a plurality of indium oxide particles, and In metal particles. The In metal particles are exposed through the plurality of passages, the plurality of indium oxide particles are uniformly distributed in the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material, and In atoms of the In metal particles migrated to surfaces of Pd particles selectively occupy edge and corner positions of metal lattice of Pd metal particles. The present disclosure further provides a method for manufacturing the PdIn alloy catalyst and application thereof.