Pedicle Screw Placement Using 3D Imaging Trajectory
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current image guidance systems for spinal surgery lack the capability to automatically determine the ideal diameter, length, and trajectory for pedicle screw placement, often resulting in biomechanically inferior constructions due to eccentric trajectory determination, especially in distorted pedicle anatomy.
Innovation Solution
A computerized method using three-dimensional imaging to generate data for the maximum allowable pedicle screw diameter and length, with a concentric trajectory through the pedicle's center, providing a schematic diagram for accurate intraosseous placement, allowing for manual, semi-automated, or fully automated screw placement, and facilitating extraosseous or extrapedicular screw placement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual determination of screw parameters is used, then surgeon's expertise is leveraged, but automated precision and consistency are lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical measurement and determination methods with an automated computerized system that uses 3D imaging data processing algorithms to automatically calculate optimal screw parameters, eliminating human error and improving precision
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-service by automatically processing 3D images, identifying pedicle anatomy, and determining screw parameters without requiring manual intervention, allowing the system to serve itself in the measurement and determination process
2Adaptability or versatility
If eccentric trajectory determination is used, then distorted pedicle anatomy can be accommodated, but biomechanical stability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts trajectory parameters (angle, position, depth) based on the specific 3D anatomical data of each pedicle, changing parameters to match the unique geometry while maintaining concentricity to preserve biomechanical stability
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies local quality by customizing the trajectory and screw parameters to match the specific anatomical characteristics of each individual pedicle rather than using a standardized approach, ensuring optimal fit and stability for each unique structure
3Strength
If maximum screw diameter and length are determined, then biomechanical strength is improved, but risk of injury to adjacent vital structures increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously references 3D anatomical data throughout the screw parameter determination process, using feedback from the virtual 3D model to ensure that maximum safe dimensions are calculated based on actual pedicle anatomy and proximity to vital structures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs beforehand cushioning by pre-calculating and pre-visualizing the optimal screw trajectory and dimensions in a virtual 3D model before actual surgery, allowing the surgeon to review and adjust parameters to avoid injury to adjacent vital structures while maximizing biomechanical strength
Data Source
AI summary
An adjustable awl for forming a hole for the insertion of a screw or other device in a pedicle or other body part. The awl comprises an elongated housing having an open end, and an elongated awl member movably mounted in the housing and being extendable beyond the open end to vary the length of the awl. The awl comprises means for locking the awl member in a selected position relative to the housing. The awl member is provided with markings thereon to indicate its position relative to the housing.