Patient-Matched Surgical Guide for Pedicle Screw Placement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical procedures face challenges in accommodating unique and irregular anatomical features of patients, particularly during the placement and insertion of pedicle screws or other bone anchors, due to limitations in referencing bony landmarks and irregular anatomy shapes.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for developing customized surgical apparatus using patient-specific data from MRI or CT scans, converted into 3D data sets, to create apparatus with complementary surfaces and trajectories that match the patient's anatomy, reducing misalignment and misplacement risks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If standard surgical tools and instruments are used, then the surgical procedure can be performed, but the unique and irregular anatomical features of the patient cannot be accommodated, leading to placement errors
Solution Approach 1:
The surgical guide is divided into multiple components: a reusable navigational guide and patient-specific inserts. The navigational guide provides standardized reference structures, while the inserts are customized for each patient's anatomy. This segmentation allows the system to maintain reliability through standardized navigation while achieving anatomical adaptability through custom inserts.
Solution Approach 2:
The surgical guide system applies local customization by creating patient-specific inserts tailored to each patient's unique anatomical features, while maintaining a standardized navigational guide framework. This allows the critical interface with patient anatomy to be locally optimized without redesigning the entire surgical guide system.
2Reliability
If preoperative planning data is used, then the surgical plan can be developed, but the data is largely unused for creating customized instruments and surgical devices
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by creating customized surgical guides and instruments before the surgical procedure. Patient-specific inserts are manufactured in advance based on preoperative imaging data, and the navigational guide is pre-configured with reference structures. This preliminary customization ensures surgical safety by having the right tools ready while managing complexity through standardized manufacturing processes.
3Manufacturing precision
If customized surgical apparatus are created for each patient, then the alignment and orientation precision is improved, but the manufacturing process and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The surgical guide is segmented into a reusable navigational guide and patient-specific inserts. The navigational guide provides standardized reference structures that can be manufactured once and reused, while only the inserts need to be customized for each patient. This segmentation achieves high alignment precision through patient-specific customization while reducing overall device complexity by reusing the standardized navigational guide framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The navigational guide serves multiple functions: it provides reference structures for alignment, guides instrument insertion, and works with different patient-specific inserts. This multi-functionality reduces device complexity by consolidating multiple customization needs into a single standardized platform that can accommodate various patient anatomies.
Data Source
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AI summary
A system and method for developing customized apparatus for use in one or more surgical procedures is disclosed. The system and method incorporates a patient's unique anatomical features or morphology, which may be derived from capturing MRI data or CT data, to fabricate at least one custom apparatus. According to a preferred embodiment, the customized apparatus comprises a plurality of complementary surfaces based on a plurality of data points from the MRI or CT data. Thus, each apparatus may be matched in duplicate and oriented around the patient's own anatomy, and may further provide any desired axial alignments or insertional trajectories. In an alternate embodiment, the apparatus may further be aligned and/or matched with at least one other apparatus used during the surgical procedure.