PEDV S1B Recombinant Lactococcus Strain for Mucosal Receptor Blocking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are ineffective due to genetic diversity and complexity of strains, leading to poor cross-protection, and traditional vaccination fails to provide timely protection for neonatal piglets, while existing biosecurity methods cannot guarantee complete separation from the virus.
Innovation Solution
A recombinant vector expressing the PEDV S1B protein using a Lactococcus lactis strain, which secretes the antigen protein to form a biofilm on the mucosal surface, blocking viral receptor sites and preventing virus binding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional vaccines (inactivated or attenuated) are used for PEDV control, then mortality rates are reduced, but cross-protection is limited due to genetic diversity of PEDV strains
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the key immunogenic S1B protein from the complete virus, creating a subunit vaccine that focuses on a conserved antigenic region. This extraction approach allows the vaccine to target essential viral components that are less variable across strains, thereby improving cross-protection while maintaining safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention targets a specific local region (S1B protein) of the virus that exhibits better conservation across different PEDV strains. By focusing immunization on this particular antigenic region rather than the entire virus, the vaccine achieves broader cross-strain protection while the expressed protein maintains stable structure and function.
2Reliability
If traditional vaccination is administered to neonatal piglets, then immune response is stimulated, but protective effects are delayed due to immature immune system
Solution Approach 1:
The recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain is administered to neonatal piglets before they are exposed to PEDV, allowing the antigen to be presented to the developing immune system in advance. This preliminary exposure primes the immune system, enabling faster and more effective protection when viral challenge occurs, reducing the time lag to protective effect.
Solution Approach 2:
Lactococcus lactis serves as a safe intermediary vehicle to deliver the S1B antigen to neonatal piglets. This probiotic carrier is well-tolerated by young animals and facilitates antigen delivery and presentation in a form that the immature immune system can process effectively, achieving protection without the delays associated with traditional vaccines.
3Reliability
If oral immunization is used to induce intestinal mucosal immunity, then mucosal protection is enhanced, but antigen loss occurs due to gastrointestinal degradation
Solution Approach 1:
Lactococcus lactis acts as a protective intermediary that shields the S1B antigen from degradation by gastric acid and proteases in the gastrointestinal tract. The probiotic carrier delivers the antigen intact to the intestinal mucosa, where it can effectively induce mucosal immunity without significant antigen loss.
Solution Approach 2:
Lactococcus lactis, being a probiotic organism, naturally survives and functions in the gastrointestinal environment. It delivers the antigen through its own physiological pathways, utilizing its inherent resistance to gastrointestinal conditions to protect the antigen and facilitate mucosal immunization.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If biosecurity practices are implemented to prevent contact between virus and host, then infection risk is reduced, but complete separation cannot be guaranteed
Solution Approach 1:
The recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain is administered to piglets in advance to pre-block viral receptor sites on intestinal cells with the S1B antigen. This preliminary anti-action creates a protective barrier that prevents the virus from binding to target cells, providing reliable protection even when complete viral separation cannot be ensured through biosecurity alone.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The recombinant vector effectively interrupts virus infection by blocking receptor sites on target cells without requiring an immune response, providing rapid and effective prevention of PEDV.
Implementation Method 1
a recombinant bacterial expression system for expressing a PED S1B protein is constructed
Implementation Method 2
secretes the antigen protein to form a biofilm on the mucosal surface
Implementation Method 3
The antigen protein binds to the viral binding site on the target cell, blocking the viral receptor protein sites on the mucosal surface
Data Source
AI summary
A recombinant vector for expressing an immunogenic protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a recombinant strain including the same and use thereof are provided. The recombinant vector for expressing the immunogenic protein S1B of the PEDV is provided, and the recombinant vector can be used to construct a recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain expressing the immunogenic protein S1B of the PEDV. The recombinant Lactococcus lactis strain and an expressed antigen protein S1B of the PEDV are mixed to prepare a microbial agent capable of preventing PEDV infection. The created microbial preparation may safely, effectively, and quickly prevent the PEDV infection in pigs and does not involve an immunization process.