Peltier Battery Cooling for Charge-Discharge Temperature Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional secondary battery charging and discharging systems have limitations in effectively lowering the temperature inside the system, which affects the efficiency and durability of battery cells.

Innovation Solution

The system incorporates a Peltier element within the cooling unit, which includes a blower fan, a heat sink, and the Peltier element positioned between them. This configuration enhances cooling efficiency by applying the Peltier effect to absorb or generate heat as needed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a conventional cooling unit with blower fans is used to dissipate heat from battery cells, then the system structure is simple, but the cooling efficiency is insufficient and the temperature inside the charging and discharging system cannot be effectively lowered

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature inside charging and discharging systemVSAvoidcooling efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the conventional mechanical cooling system (blower fans) with a thermoelectric cooling system using Peltier elements. The Peltier element converts electrical energy directly into thermal energy transfer, eliminating the need for mechanical moving parts and providing more efficient heat removal from the battery cells during charging and discharging operations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the cooling mechanism from passive convective cooling using blower fans to active thermoelectric cooling using Peltier elements. This parameter change enables precise temperature control and significantly improves cooling efficiency by directly pumping heat from the battery cell contact area through the Peltier element to the heat sink

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-generated harmful factors

If multiple blower fans are used to cool battery cells, then the device structure is simple, but the heat dissipation effectiveness is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat generated by battery cellsVSAvoidheat dissipation effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical blower fans with Peltier elements that use the thermoelectric effect to directly transfer heat from the battery cells to the heat sink. This substitution eliminates energy losses associated with mechanical conversion and provides more effective heat dissipation by creating a direct thermal conduction path through the Peltier element

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The Peltier element acts as an intermediary between the battery cells and the heat sink, providing a direct thermal conduction path. This intermediary component efficiently transfers heat from the battery contact area through the Peltier element to the heat sink, significantly improving heat dissipation effectiveness compared to air-based convection methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The integration of the Peltier element significantly increases the cooling efficiency of secondary batteries during charging and discharging processes, thereby improving battery performance and reducing thermal risks.

Implementation Method 1

a cooler configured to supply cooled air to the battery cell accommodated in the accommodation unit. In this case, the cooler includes a blower fan, a heat sink, and a Peltier element positioned between the blower fan and the heat sink

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPeltier effect: Peltier Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4113782B1Secondary battery charge/discharge system comprising peltier device, and temperature control method of secondary battery charge/discharge system using same
Publication Date: 2025.01.29 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP4113782B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4113782B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4113782B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A secondary battery charging and discharging system includes an accommodation unit configured to accommodate a battery cell, a charging and discharging unit configured to be electrically connected to first and second electrode leads of the battery cell accommodated in the accommodation unit, and a cooler configured to supply cooled air to the battery cell accommodated in the accommodation unit. The cooler includes a blower fan, a heat sink, and a Peltier element positioned between the blower fan and the heat sink. A method of controlling an internal temperature of a secondary battery charging and discharging system is also provided.