Battery Module Peltier Element and Compensation Element Thermal Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-performance lithium-ion battery cells in electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles face significant thermal management challenges due to high operating temperatures, which can reduce their lifespan and require efficient cooling systems to maintain optimal temperatures between 5° C. and 35° C., while minimizing temperature gradients between cells.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating a Peltier element thermally connected to both the battery cell and a temperature-regulating element, with a compensation element and thermal interface materials, allows for bidirectional heat transfer and uniform temperature regulation, enabling effective cooling and heating of battery cells up to 50° C. to 65° C., and potentially eliminating the need for additional heating components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If high-performance lithium-ion battery cells are used to achieve high energy and high capacity, then driving performance is improved, but heat generation increases and thermal management becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
A Peltier element is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery cell and the temperature-regulating element. This Peltier element actively transfers heat from the battery cell to the temperature-regulating element, enabling effective thermal management of high-performance battery cells that generate significant heat during operation
Solution Approach 2:
The temperature-regulating element serves multiple functions: it acts as a heat sink for the Peltier element, provides direct thermal contact with the battery cell through the compensation element, and can be integrated with existing cooling systems. This multi-functional design efficiently manages heat from high-performance battery cells
2Duration of action of stationary object
If active cooling systems are implemented to maintain optimal battery temperature, then battery lifetime is extended, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The Peltier element is thermally integrated with both the battery cell and the temperature-regulating element, merging multiple thermal management functions into a single compact assembly. This integration reduces the number of separate components and simplifies the overall cooling system while maintaining effective temperature control for extended battery lifetime
Solution Approach 2:
The Peltier element can be driven by electrical current from the battery system itself, allowing the cooling system to be self-powered without requiring external energy sources. This self-service capability reduces system complexity while maintaining active cooling for battery lifetime extension
3Productivity
If Peltier element is used for heat transfer between battery cell and temperature-regulating element, then temperature regulation efficiency is improved, but additional components are required
Solution Approach 1:
The compensation element made of metallic material serves as an intermediary thermal interface between the battery cell and the Peltier element. This compensation element improves thermal contact and heat transfer efficiency while maintaining a compact design that minimizes the number of additional components required
Solution Approach 2:
The compensation element is specifically positioned at the thermal interface where it is most needed - between the battery cell and Peltier element. This localized application of metallic material optimizes heat transfer at the critical interface without adding unnecessary components throughout the entire system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design provides reliable and homogeneous temperature regulation, enhancing the lifespan of lithium-ion battery cells by effectively dissipating or supplying heat, thereby maintaining the battery cells within a thermally non-critical state and reducing the need for additional cooling components.
Implementation Method 1
a Peltier element (5) arranged between the at least one battery cell (2) and the temperature-regulating element (4), which is connected to a voltage source (6) in such a way that heat transfer between the at least one battery cell (2) and the temperature-regulating element (4) can be formed by means of the Peltier element (5)
Implementation Method 2
a compensation element configured for homogenizing the temperature, said compensation element being formed form a metallic material, is furthermore arranged between the at least one battery cell (2) and the Peltier element (5)
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module having at least one battery cell is disclosed, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell, comprising a housing, in which the at least one battery cell is accommodated, and a temperature-regulating element, wherein a Peltier element is furthermore arranged between the at least one battery cell and the temperature-regulating element, which Peltier element is thermally conductively connected in each case to the at least one battery cell and the temperature-regulating element, and which Peltier element is furthermore connected to a voltage source in such a way that heat transfer between the at least one battery cell and the temperature-regulating element is able to be formed by means of the Peltier element, wherein a compensation element for homogenizing the temperature, said compensation element being formed from a metallic material, is furthermore arranged between the at least one battery cell and the Peltier element, wherein preferably the at least one battery cell is directly or cohesively connected to the compensation element.