PEPS Relay Attack Detection via Key Fob Motion Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Passive entry passive start (PEPS) systems are vulnerable to relay attacks and driveway attacks, where thieves extend the range of low-frequency signals to deceive the system into thinking the key fob is in proximity, and existing countermeasures are ineffective in detecting complex key fob movements.
Innovation Solution
The method involves determining if the authentication device was moving within a predefined time period after entering a PEPS operational region and if it was stationary during triggering events, requiring a series of specific movements to authenticate and start the vehicle, including detecting movement and stationarity before and during entry and start requests.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If relay attack prevention techniques are implemented using signal analysis (time of flight, signal vector checks, signal superposition), then relay attack detection capability is improved, but device complexity and implementation cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex signal analysis mechanisms (time of flight measurements, signal vector checks, superposition analysis) with a simpler motion detection mechanism using accelerometers and gyroscopes in the key fob to detect physical movement patterns, thereby reducing implementation complexity while maintaining relay attack detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces motion sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) as an intermediary element in the key fob that indirectly detect relay attacks by sensing physical movement patterns, avoiding the need for direct complex signal analysis between vehicle and key fob
2Reliability
If motion detection requirements are added to PEPS authentication, then relay attack prevention is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic motion detection thresholds and adaptive authentication requirements that adjust based on the detected motion patterns, allowing normal usage scenarios to pass automatically while blocking suspicious relay attack patterns, thereby maintaining ease of operation for legitimate users
Data Source
AI summary
A method and system for detecting if a relay is present in a PEPS system for a vehicle is provided by (a) determining whether movement of an authentication device was detected within a predefined time period after the authentication device enters a PEPS entry operational region; and (b) determining if the authentication device was stationary for a predetermined time period during a PEPS entry triggering event.