Peptide Combinations for Dust Mite Allergy Desensitization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for house dust mite allergy often provide only symptomatic relief and can be ineffective, posing risks of severe side effects such as anaphylactic shock, and there is a need for a therapeutic approach that specifically targets the allergic-immune response without affecting reactivity to other antigens.
Innovation Solution
Development of peptide combinations derived from Group 1, 2, and 3 dust mite allergens that induce a cytokine response and tolerisation, specifically targeting Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules to desensitise individuals without causing adverse reactions like histamine release.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If desensitisation treatments involve periodic injection of allergen components or extracts, then IgG response is induced that competes with IgE for allergen, but serious side effects such as anaphylactic shock may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the allergen into multiple peptide fragments (e.g., Der p 1 peptides, Der p 2 peptides, Der p 7 peptides) and uses combinations of these segmented peptides for desensitisation treatment. This segmentation allows the treatment to target specific epitopes without using the complete allergen structure, thereby reducing the risk of anaphylactic shock while maintaining effectiveness in inducing IgG response and suppressor T cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts specific peptide sequences from the complete allergen proteins (Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 7) that are responsible for triggering immune responses. By isolating and using only these critical peptide fragments rather than the entire allergen, the treatment achieves desensitisation effects while minimizing the harmful potential of other allergen components.
2Ease of operation
If conventional treatments use anti-histamines, β2 agonists, and glucocorticosteroids, then symptomatic relief is provided, but the underlying allergic-immune response is not addressed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs preliminary action by inducing IgG antibodies and suppressor T cells before allergen exposure can trigger severe allergic responses. The desensitisation treatment prepares the immune system in advance to respond differently to subsequent allergen encounters, shifting from a harmful IgE-mediated response to a protective IgG-mediated response with regulatory T cell control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful allergic immune response into a beneficial protective response by inducing IgG antibodies that compete with IgE for allergen binding. The same immune mechanisms that cause allergy (antibody production, T cell activation) are harnessed to create protection through tolerisation, transforming the pathogenic process into a therapeutic outcome.
3Device complexity
If a single peptide is used for desensitisation, then the treatment is simple, but it cannot induce a cytokine response in a high proportion of allergic individuals with diverse MHC molecules
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple peptide sequences from different allergen groups (Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 7) into combination formulations. These combined peptide treatments target multiple MHC class II molecules and induce broader cytokine responses (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ) across diverse allergic individuals, achieving both effectiveness and broad applicability while maintaining relatively simple administration protocols.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to compositions comprising peptides for preventing or treating allergy to house dust mites, and in particular to optimal combinations of peptides for preventing or treating said allergy.