Peptide Epitopes for Targeted AML Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) have limited effectiveness, particularly for older patients, with low survival rates and significant side effects, highlighting the need for more targeted and less toxic therapies.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptide sequences derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells, which can be used in vaccine compositions to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses or as targets for immunologically active compounds, aiming to enhance T-cell recognition and activation against cancer cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional chemotherapy treatments are used for AML, then tumor cells can be killed, but significant side effects and low survival rates occur particularly in older patients
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the treatment approach by identifying and targeting specific peptide epitopes (such as those from MPO, LIG1, DNTT genes) that are uniquely expressed on AML cells, rather than using non-specific chemotherapy. This segmentation allows the immune system to precisely attack cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues, thereby maintaining treatment effectiveness while reducing side effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses peptide epitopes as intermediaries to bridge the immune system and cancer cells. These peptides serve as specific mediators that present cancer cell characteristics to T-cells, enabling targeted immune recognition and attack. This intermediary approach replaces direct toxic chemotherapy with an indirect, specific immune-mediated destruction mechanism that spares healthy cells
2Adaptability or versatility
If current immunotherapy approaches are used, then anti-tumor immune responses can be stimulated, but the effectiveness is limited and survival rates remain low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameters of immunotherapy by selecting specific peptide epitopes with proven T-cell recognition capability and appropriate MHC binding affinity. By optimizing peptide selection based on immunogenicity parameters and patient-specific HLA typing, the treatment achieves both high immune stimulation and reliable clinical outcomes, overcoming the limitations of non-specific or poorly targeted immunotherapy approaches
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary identification and selection of tumor-associated peptide epitopes before treatment initiation. Through pre-screening for epitopes that are both immunogenic and patient-specific (based on HLA genotype), the treatment ensures optimal immune response stimulation is ready and tailored before administration, thereby improving both adaptability and reliability of the therapy
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.