Peptide Epitopes for Targeted CLL Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) often rely on chemotherapeutic agents that can cause severe side effects, necessitating the development of safer and more effective immunotherapeutic methods.
Innovation Solution
The use of novel peptide sequences that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses by binding to HLA class I and II molecules, specifically designed to elicit T-cell responses against tumor-associated antigens, are employed in vaccine compositions to treat CLL and other hematological malignancies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chemotherapeutic agents are used to treat CLL, then tumor cells are killed, but severe side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the treatment approach by using multiple distinct peptide epitopes (SEQ ID NO: 1-225, 226-542, 543-1016) that target different tumor-associated antigens. This segmentation allows the immune system to attack cancer cells through multiple specific pathways while sparing healthy cells, thereby maintaining treatment effectiveness while reducing harmful side effects compared to non-specific chemotherapy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces peptide epitopes as intermediaries that bridge the immune system and tumor cells. These peptides bind to HLA class I and II molecules, serving as mediators that present tumor-specific antigens to T cells, thereby activating targeted immune responses against CLL cells without requiring direct cytotoxic chemotherapy agents that cause severe side effects
2Productivity
If traditional chemotherapy is used, then cancer cells are destroyed, but healthy cells are also damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing peptide epitopes with specific sequences (SEQ ID NO: 1-225, 226-542, 543-1016) that are uniquely associated with tumor cells. These epitopes exhibit local specificity by binding to particular HLA molecules and presenting tumor-specific antigens, enabling the immune system to selectively destroy cancer cells while leaving healthy cells unaffected, thus maintaining high tumor cell destruction rates without damaging healthy tissues
3Object-affected harmful factors
If immunotherapeutic methods are developed to avoid side effects, then treatment safety improves, but treatment effectiveness may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by developing a multi-epitope vaccine composition that includes multiple peptide sequences (SEQ ID NO: 1-225, 226-542, 543-1016) capable of binding to various HLA class I and II molecules. This multi-functional approach ensures broad immune coverage and sustained anti-tumor responses, maintaining high treatment effectiveness while avoiding the severe side effects of chemotherapy through immune-mediated mechanisms
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These peptides induce specific immune recognition and responses against CLL cells, potentially offering a safer and more effective treatment option by enhancing the immune system's ability to target cancer cells without the severe side effects associated with traditional chemotherapies.
Implementation Method 1
These peptides induce specific immune recognition and responses against CLL cells
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated cytotoxic T cell (CTL) peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. The present invention relates to several novel peptide sequences and their variants derived from HLA class I and HLA class II molecules of human tumor cells that can be used in vaccine compositions for eliciting anti-tumor immune responses.