Peptide Epitopes for Targeted Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments, particularly for colorectal cancer, face challenges in effectively stimulating anti-tumor immune responses and have limitations in diagnosis and prognosis, with existing peptide vaccines and immunotherapies showing variable clinical benefits and significant side effects.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptide sequences derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells that can be used in vaccine compositions to elicit anti-tumor immune responses, targeting both CD8 and CD4-positive T-cells, and their use in combination with other tumor-associated peptides to stimulate immune responses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing peptide vaccines and immunotherapies are used to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, then immune activation is achieved, but clinical benefits are variable and side effects are significant
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments tumor antigens into specific peptide epitopes (8-12 amino acids) that bind to particular HLA class I molecules. By identifying and using only those peptides that successfully bind to patient-specific HLA alleles and stimulate T-cell responses, the vaccine achieves more consistent clinical benefits while reducing unnecessary immune activation that causes side effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent tailors the peptide composition to each patient's specific HLA genotype. By analyzing individual HLA class I alleles and selecting peptides with high binding affinity to those specific alleles, the therapy achieves localized precision matching between the patient's immune system and the vaccine components, improving reliability while minimizing off-target effects
2Reliability
If peptide sequences are designed to bind to HLA class I molecules and stimulate T-cells, then anti-tumor immune response is elicited, but the complexity of identifying suitable peptides increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary computational screening of potential peptide sequences against the patient's specific HLA class I alleles before clinical administration. By using in silico binding prediction algorithms to pre-identify peptides with high binding affinity, the complex process of finding suitable peptides is simplified and accelerated, reducing the need for extensive experimental testing while maintaining high immune response efficacy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent identifies peptide epitopes from multiple tumor-associated antigens that can bind to common HLA class I molecules (such as HLA-A*02:01, HLA-A*24:02, HLA-B*07:02). By selecting peptides that target universally expressed HLA alleles across different patient populations, the approach maintains high immune response efficacy while simplifying the identification process for diverse patients
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The novel peptides induce specific immune responses, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes with reduced side effects by targeting tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens, and can be used in various cancer types beyond colorectal cancer.
Implementation Method 1
wherein said peptide binds to MHC and/or induces T-cells cross-reacting with said peptide
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T-cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.