Percussion Fuse Pressure Element for Flat Impact Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional impact detonators fail to pierce the ignition charge effectively when impacting a target at a flat angle, leading to deformation of the detonator body and subsequent jamming of the firing needle, which prevents the detonation of the main charge.
Innovation Solution
The impact fuze incorporates a pressure element loosely arranged in the head section of the igniter body, designed to tilt relative to the igniter body and the needle head, ensuring that the firing needle remains aligned and functional even during flat impacts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If the detonator body is designed with a rigid structure to maintain alignment, then the structural strength is improved, but the reliability during flat impact deteriorates due to deformation and needle jamming
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure element is segmented into a dome-shaped portion and a cylindrical portion, allowing independent movement and rotation. This segmentation enables the pressure element to absorb impact forces through rotation while maintaining the rigid structural framework, thus resolving the contradiction between structural strength and reliability during flat impact
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure element is designed to be movable within the detonator body, capable of rotating and tilting in response to impact forces. This dynamic capability allows the pressure element to adapt to flat impact conditions by rotating to maintain alignment with the ignition needle, preventing deformation-induced jamming while preserving overall structural integrity
2Manufacturing precision
If the pressure element is fixed rigidly to maintain alignment, then the manufacturing precision is improved, but the ease of operation deteriorates due to inability to adapt to impact angles
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure element transitions from a fixed rigid connection to a dynamic movable connection, allowing it to rotate and tilt within the detonator body. This enables the pressure element to maintain manufacturing precision during normal conditions while adapting to various impact angles during operation, including flat impacts where it can rotate to preserve needle alignment
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure element's orientation parameters (rotation angle, tilt angle) are designed to change in response to impact conditions. During flat impact, the pressure element rotates and tilts to maintain the ignition needle's alignment with the detonator system, thus changing its operational parameters to adapt to different impact scenarios while maintaining precision
3Force
If the needle head is made larger to improve contact area, then the pressure transmission is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional clearance requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure element features a dome-shaped (spheroidal) contact surface that concentrates force transmission through its curved geometry. This spherical design improves pressure transmission efficiency by focusing force through a smaller, well-defined contact area with the ignition needle, while the surrounding cylindrical portion provides necessary clearance without adding complex structural elements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The additional pressure element maintains the alignment of the needle head and prevents bending or jamming of the needle bar, ensuring that the ignition charge can be pierced and the main charge detonated, even during flat impacts.
Implementation Method 1
when the head section of the igniter body is deformed upon impact with a target body, it can press on the needle head of the ignition needle without tilting the needle head relative to the longitudinal axis of the igniter body
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~3D
AI summary
A percussion fuse (10) for a shell has a fuse body (12), a detonator system with a priming charge (16) in the bottom section (12c) of the fuse body (12), and a firing pin (24) in the head section (12a) of the fuse body (12). The firing pin (24) has a pin rod (26), with a piercing tip (27), and a pin head (25), wherein the firing pin (24) can be moved in the direction of the detonator system (16) in the case of the percussion fuse (20) striking a target, in order that the piercing tip (27) of the firing pin (24) pierces the priming charge in the detonator system (16). In order to improve impact sensing, in particular even in the case of striking a target at a shallow angle, the percussion fuse (10) additionally has a pressure element which is arranged loosely between the head end (12b) of the fuse body (12) and the pin head (25) of the firing pin (24), and is configured and arranged in the head section (12a) of the fuse body (12) in such a way that it can tilt relative to the fuse body (12) and relative to the pin head (25) of the firing pin (24), with the result that, in the case of a deformation of the head section (12a) of the fuse body (12) during striking of a target, it presses in a straight line on the pin head (25) of the firing pin, without tilting the pin head relative to the longitudinal axis (18) of the fuse body (12).