Percussive Drill Wire for Arterial Occlusion Penetration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for treating peripheral arterial diseases, such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD), are inadequate in effectively removing arterial occlusions, which can lead to chronic ischemia and increased mortality, as they often cause physical disabilities and are not efficient in minimizing damage to artery walls.
Innovation Solution
A percussive drill system using a drilling wire driven by piezoelectric actuators, combined with a guiding sleeve and rotary actuator, to oscillate and rotate the wire within the artery, effectively penetrating and fracturing occlusive plaques while minimizing damage to the artery walls.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional methods are used to treat peripheral arterial diseases, then the procedure can be performed, but the effectiveness in removing arterial occlusions is inadequate and causes significant damage to artery walls
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies mechanical vibration through a percussive actuator that generates high-frequency oscillations (typically 20-100 kHz) to fracture and remove arterial occlusions. The vibrating wire delivers controlled mechanical energy to the plaque, causing it to fragment and be removed through the guiding sleeve, thereby improving removal effectiveness while minimizing damage to the artery wall through precise vibration control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical cutting or scraping methods with a vibrational mechanism. Instead of using rigid mechanical forces that cause damage, the system uses piezoelectric actuators to generate high-frequency vibrations that fracture the occlusion through resonant vibration, substituting destructive mechanical action with controlled vibrational energy transfer
2Productivity
If a drilling wire is used to penetrate occlusions, then the occlusion can be removed, but thermal or physical damage may occur to the artery walls
Solution Approach 1:
The drilling wire is coupled to a percussive actuator that generates high-frequency vibrations to fracture the occlusion. The vibrational energy causes the wire to oscillate at frequencies that resonate with the occlusion material, causing it to fragment efficiently without requiring high mechanical forces that would damage the artery wall
Solution Approach 2:
The guiding sleeve acts as an intermediary protective barrier between the vibrating wire and the artery wall. It guides the wire precisely to the occlusion while protecting the surrounding tissue from thermal or physical damage, allowing the wire to penetrate the occlusion safely
3Speed
If piezoelectric actuators are used to drive the drilling wire, then the wire can be oscillated effectively, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical vibration generation systems with piezoelectric actuators. The piezoelectric materials convert electrical signals directly into high-frequency mechanical vibrations, eliminating the need for complex mechanical oscillators, cam mechanisms, or flywheel systems, thereby reducing overall device complexity while achieving high oscillation frequencies
Solution Approach 2:
The piezoelectric actuators allow for electronic control of vibration frequency and amplitude, enabling the system to adjust parameters dynamically without mechanical reconfiguration. This electronic parameter control simplifies the device compared to mechanical adjustment mechanisms
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables efficient penetration and removal of arterial occlusions, restoring blood flow and potentially preventing amputation or mortality by using percussive vibrations and rotation to fracture and remove occlusive material without causing significant thermal or physical damage to the artery walls.
Implementation Method 1
a percussive actuator coupled to the drilling wire to longitudinally oscillate the drilling wire into an arterial blockage
Implementation Method 2
a helical oscillator coupled to the drilling wire to rotate the drilling wire while the drilling wire is penetrating the occlusion
Data Source
AI summary
An arterial blockage percussive drill having a guiding sleeve, a drilling wire slidably coupled to the guiding sleeve and a percussive actuator coupled to the drilling wire to longitudinally oscillate the drilling wire into an arterial blockage.