Powered Percussive Surgical Device Cam Mechanism
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Solution Overview
Problem
In arthroscopic surgeries, the application of percussive force requires a third hand, risking surgeon safety and compromising precision due to external force application, especially with a mallet.
Innovation Solution
A powered percussive surgical device that converts rotational motion from a shaver handpiece into percussive energy using an inner and outer assembly with a cam mechanism and elastic member, allowing controlled axial movement for precise force application.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If a mallet is used to apply percussive force, then the percussive force can be applied to drive devices into bone, but the surgeon's hands are at risk for injury and precision is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual mallet system with a powered mechanical system that generates percussive force automatically. The shaver handpiece converts rotational motion into axial percussive motion through cam mechanisms, eliminating the need for a second person to strike the device and thereby removing the injury risk to the surgeon's hands while maintaining precise control through automated force application.
Solution Approach 2:
The device performs self-service by generating its own percussive force through the integrated cam mechanism and spring system. The rotational motion from the motor automatically converts into axial impact forces without requiring external intervention, allowing the device to serve itself rather than requiring a second person to apply force.
2Force
If a mallet is used to apply percussive force, then the percussive force can be applied to drive devices into bone, but the degree of precision is compromised by excess force application
Solution Approach 1:
The powered system provides controlled force application with inherent feedback mechanisms through the cam-follower interaction and spring compression. The system automatically regulates the percussive force magnitude and timing, preventing excess force application that would compromise precision, while still delivering sufficient impact to drive devices into bone accurately.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from static manual force application to dynamic automated percussive motion. The cam mechanism converts continuous rotational motion into controlled reciprocating axial motion, creating precise percussive impacts at specific intervals rather than continuous or uncontrolled force application, thereby improving placement precision.
3Force
If a third hand is required to apply percussive force, then the percussive force can be applied, but every surgery requires a minimum of two medical professionals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of the shaver handpiece and the percussive driver into a single integrated device. The same powered handpiece that provides rotational cutting also generates axial percussive force through the cam mechanism, combining multiple functions into one tool and eliminating the need for a second person to operate a separate mallet.
Solution Approach 2:
The shaver handpiece becomes a universal tool that performs both rotational cutting and axial percussive driving functions. The multi-functionality is achieved through the cam mechanism that converts the motor's rotational output into both cutting rotation and impacting axial motion, allowing one device to replace what previously required two separate tools and two operators.
4Extent of automation
If rotational motion is converted into percussive energy, then automated control is achieved, but the device structure becomes more complex with inner and outer assemblies
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a nested assembly structure where the inner assembly containing the cam mechanism is positioned within the outer housing of the shaver handpiece. The cam follower, spring, and other percussive components are nested within the existing rotational mechanism, utilizing the same space and power source to minimize overall structural complexity while achieving automated percussive control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables automated and controlled application of percussive force, reducing the need for a third hand, enhancing precision, and minimizing risk of injury to the surgeon while maintaining precise control over the force applied.
Implementation Method 1
the drive portion of the inner hub further comprises an elastic member that transmits an axial force distally on the inner member to maintain the engagement of the first and second cooperating elements
Implementation Method 2
rotation of the inner assembly relative to the outer assembly drives an interaction between the first and second cooperating elements which causes the inner assembly to move axially
Implementation Method 3
rotation of the respective inner and outer assemblies past a pre-determined stop limit results in a release of the compressed elastic member, which, in turn, propels the inner assembly in distal direction such that the distal end of the driving rod strikes the proximal end of the distally projecting penetrating element with a percussive force
Data Source
AI summary
In the context of bone surgery and in particular arthroscopic surgery, there is frequently a need for the application of “percussive force” to the distal end component(s) of a surgical device, i.e., repetitive percutient or striking force analogous to that of a hammer driving a nail. Disclosed herein are mechanisms and methods for automating and/or controlling the application of such a percussive force so as to avoid the present need in the art for a “third hand”. The present invention addresses the significant and long felt need by providing a powered percussive driver device that may be controlled directly by the primary surgeon.