Percutaneous Right Ventricular Assist Device with Centrifugal Pump
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for right heart failure are limited, with few effective long-term solutions that do not require heavy surgery and are free from significant risks of hemorrhage and infection.
Innovation Solution
An implantable right ventricular assist device (RVAD) that is percutaneously implanted within the right ventricle, utilizing a crimpable centrifugal pump powered by a motor, which minimizes energy consumption and avoids high shear stress, thereby reducing thrombotic and hemolytic risks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If temporary VAD linked to external power cables are used, then efficient hemodynamic recovery is achieved, but patient mobility is restricted and hemorrhagic/thrombotic risks increase (40-50%)
Solution Approach 1:
The device is divided into separate functional modules: a percutaneous pump unit for blood circulation, an implanted battery for power supply, and an external controller. This segmentation allows the pump to be minimally invasive while the battery provides sustained power, eliminating the need for external cables that cause hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications.
Solution Approach 2:
An implanted rechargeable battery serves as an intermediary energy storage device between the external controller and the percutaneous pump. This intermediary allows wireless power transmission and eliminates direct external cable connections to the pump, reducing infection and thrombosis risks while maintaining hemodynamic efficiency.
2Adaptability or versatility
If BiVAD with heavy surgery is performed, then both ventricles are assisted, but survival rate at six months is low (56%) and peri-operative adverse event rates are high
Solution Approach 1:
The invention provides a modular solution where only the right ventricle is assisted with a percutaneous pump, while the left ventricle can be addressed separately if needed. This partial action approach avoids the excessive surgical intervention of BiVAD while still providing necessary hemodynamic support for right heart failure, thereby improving survival rates.
Solution Approach 2:
The device uses a rechargeable battery with adjustable power output (1-10 Watts) and variable pump speed control to match the specific hemodynamic needs of the patient. This parameter adjustability allows effective right ventricular assistance without requiring the fixed, high-intensity support of BiVAD systems.
3Productivity
If high power motor is used to pump blood, then adequate flow rate is achieved, but energy consumption increases and shear stress causes thrombosis and hemolysis
Solution Approach 1:
The pump system features dynamic speed control capability, allowing the motor to operate at variable speeds (5000-15000 rpm) based on real-time hemodynamic requirements. This dynamic operation enables the pump to achieve adequate flow rates only when necessary, minimizing overall energy consumption while preventing excessive shear stress that would cause thrombosis or hemolysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates feedback control mechanisms where the pump speed and power delivery are adjusted based on monitored hemodynamic parameters. This feedback system ensures adequate blood flow is maintained while preventing energy waste and excessive shear stress by reducing pump speed when flow requirements are met.
4Reliability
If invasive surgical implantation is performed, then device is securely positioned, but surgery complexity and recovery time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The device replaces complex mechanical surgical implantation with a percutaneous delivery system. The pump is inserted through a catheter-like access route and positioned using minimally invasive techniques, eliminating the need for open chest surgery while maintaining secure positioning through balloon expansion and anchoring mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The RVAD effectively assists the right ventricle in pumping blood to the pulmonary artery with minimal energy and distance, reducing the risk of complications such as thrombosis and hemolysis, and providing a durable, less invasive solution for right heart failure.
Implementation Method 1
a rotatable propeller displaying a diameter ranging from 5 mm to 15 mm, configured to carry the blood coming from the right ventricle, through said inlet opening, toward the pulmonary artery, through said outlet channel
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3B
Figure 4A~5C
AI summary
The present invention relates to an implantable right ventricular assist device configured to be implanted within the right ventricle of a heart, comprising a percutaneously deliverable centrifugal pump (2) configured to carry the blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery; an exit cylinder (3) configured to secure directly or indirectly said centrifugal pump within a portion of the pulmonary artery; and a power source (4). The invention also relates to a method to percutaneously and transluminally implant the Right Ventricular Assist Device (1) of the present invention within the right ventricle of a patient's heart. The invention further relates to the use of the right ventricular assist device of the present invention to long-term assist of the right ventricle of a patient's heart.