Peripheral Venous Pressure Signal Analysis for Hemodynamic Monitoring

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for monitoring blood volume and related patient conditions, such as central venous pressure measurements, are invasive, slow to respond to acute conditions, and can mask peripheral blood loss, leading to delayed recognition and treatment of patient conditions.

Innovation Solution

A blood volume evaluation system using a peripheral venous pressure (PVP) sensor and an evaluation unit that generates a frequency-domain signal from a time-domain PVP signal to calculate a blood volume metric, including heart rate frequency, first harmonic, and second harmonic frequencies, to indicate hypovolemia, hypervolemia, or euvolemia, and trigger alarms for abnormal conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If central venous pressure measurements are used to monitor blood volume, then measurement reliability is improved, but device complexity and invasiveness increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemeasurement reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses peripheral venous pressure as an intermediary measurement to indirectly assess central blood volume status. Instead of directly measuring central venous pressure through invasive catheters, the system measures PVP through peripheral IV lines and uses signal processing to derive central hemodynamic information, thereby reducing invasiveness while maintaining measurement reliability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical invasive catheter system with a less invasive pressure sensor system connected to existing IV lines. By substituting the mechanical intrusion of central catheter insertion with electronic pressure sensing in peripheral lines, the system reduces device complexity and invasiveness while maintaining measurement capability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If central venous pressure measurements are used, then blood volume status can be monitored, but response speed to acute conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblood volume monitoring accuracyVSAvoidresponse speed to acute conditions

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary signal processing and transformation of peripheral venous pressure data into frequency domain representations in advance, enabling rapid detection of hemodynamic changes. By pre-processing the signal and establishing baseline characteristics, the system can quickly respond to acute conditions without the delay associated with waiting for central pressure changes

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If conventional CVP measurements are used, then central blood volume can be assessed, but peripheral blood loss detection capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecentral blood volume assessmentVSAvoidperipheral blood loss detection

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the traditional approach by measuring peripheral venous pressure and using it to assess central blood volume status, rather than directly measuring central pressure. This inversion allows the system to detect peripheral blood loss earlier while still providing central hemodynamic assessment, as peripheral changes occur before central compensation mechanisms mask them

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Device complexity

If peripheral intravenous analysis is used, then invasiveness is reduced, but measurement precision for certain conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

ImproveinvasivenessVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy in certain situations

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the peripheral venous pressure signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, analyzing spectral components to extract hemodynamic information. By changing the parameter representation from raw pressure values to frequency spectrum characteristics, the system improves measurement precision for detecting blood volume status and cardiac function while maintaining the less invasive peripheral measurement approach

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS11039754B2System and method for monitoring and determining patient parameters from sensed venous waveform

Publication Date: 2021.06.22 BAXTER INT INC

AI summary

Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring patient hemodynamic status, systemic vascular resistance, reversal of cardiac and respiratory rates, and patient respiratory volume or effort are disclosed. A peripheral venous pressure is measured and used to detect levels, changes, or problems relating to patient blood volume. The peripheral venous pressure measurement is transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain for analysis. A heart rate frequency is identified, and harmonics of the heart rate frequency are detected and evaluated to determine, among other things, hypovolemia or hypervolemia, systemic vascular resistance, and of cardiac and respiratory rates, and patient respiratory volume or effort.