Permittivity Measurement via Phase Slope and Quadratic Fitting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for measuring permittivity, such as the two-tone method and phase fluctuation averaging method, suffer from high measurement errors and long measurement times due to phase fluctuations and the need for frequent phase sampling.
Innovation Solution
A permittivity measuring method that involves measuring phases at multiple sampling frequencies in both the first-half and second-half portions of the phase characteristic, determining the mode of phase changes, and calculating permittivity using either a phase slope or a quadratic function based on specific conditions to minimize measurement errors and time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If phase sampling is performed at multiple sampling points to reduce measurement error, then measurement precision is improved, but measurement time becomes long
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the phase characteristic into two portions (first-half and second-half) and performs phase sampling at specific points within each portion. By segmenting the measurement process and selecting representative sampling points, the patent achieves accurate permittivity measurement without requiring exhaustive sampling across the entire frequency range, thus reducing measurement time while maintaining precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the sampling strategy by selecting specific sampling points based on the phase characteristic portions rather than uniform sampling across all frequencies. This parameter change in the sampling approach allows for reduced number of measurements while maintaining accuracy, resolving the contradiction between measurement time and precision.
2Device complexity
If conventional two-tone method is used, then measurement process is simple, but measurement error is high due to phase fluctuation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the phase characteristic into first-half and second-half portions and performs measurements in both portions. By combining results from multiple segments, the patent eliminates the phase fluctuation problem that affects single-point measurements, achieving high precision without excessive complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges measurement results from both the first-half and second-half portions of the phase characteristic to calculate the final permittivity value. This combination approach cancels out phase fluctuation errors, improving measurement precision while keeping the process relatively simple.
Data Source
AI summary
A permittivity measuring method includes measuring a set of phases at sampling frequencies of at least three points in each of a first-half portion and a second-half portion of a phase characteristic of electromagnetic waves that passed through a measurement target, if the mode of the phase changes of both sets of phases belongs to a phase group in which change of the at least three points in the first half and change of at least three points in the second half are both monotonic change, maximal values, or minimal values, calculating the permittivity using the phase slope of the phases in the first-half portion and the phases in the second-half portion, and if the mode of the phase changes does not belong to the phase group, calculating the permittivity by fitting the phases of either the first half or the second half to a quadratic function.