Organic Adhesion Layer for Perovskite Solar Cell Interfaces
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Solution Overview
Problem
Metal-halide perovskite photovoltaic solar cells face issues of poor adhesion and cohesion between organic and inorganic layers, particularly at interfaces, leading to delamination and scalloping during laser scribing, which affects the long-term performance of semi-transparent perovskite solar cells and modules.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of an adhesive layer comprising an organic material with specific properties, such as high electronic mobility, bandgap, and optical transmission, between the first and second electrodes to enhance adhesion and cohesion within the multilayer stack, using materials like bipyridine, naphthalene, and phenanthroline derivatives with chelating termination moieties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If metal-halide perovskite layers are deposited as part of a multilayer stack with organic and inorganic materials, then high efficiency photovoltaic performance is achieved, but poor adhesion and cohesion between organic and inorganic layers occurs
Solution Approach 1:
An organic adhesive layer is introduced as an intermediary between inorganic layers (such as TCO electrodes or perovskite absorbers) and organic functional layers (such as electron transport layers or hole transport layers). This adhesive layer contains specific functional groups that can coordinate with metal atoms in inorganic materials while also being compatible with organic semiconductor materials, thereby bridging the adhesion gap between incompatible organic and inorganic layers.
Solution Approach 2:
The adhesive layer is designed as a composite material system that combines organic semiconductor compounds with adhesion-promoting functional groups. These composite materials exhibit both the electronic transport properties needed for photovoltaic function and the chemical bonding capabilities needed for strong interfacial adhesion between different material types.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional perovskite solar cell structures are used, then device fabrication is simplified, but scalloping and delamination occur during laser scribing
Solution Approach 1:
The organic adhesive layer serves as a protective intermediary during laser scribing processes. Its presence at the interface between inorganic and organic layers prevents direct thermal stress concentration and chemical interaction between laser energy and sensitive functional layers, thereby eliminating scalloping while maintaining ease of module fabrication.
3Use of energy by moving object
If thin adhesive layers are used to maintain optical transmission, then light absorption is maximized, but adhesion strength may be insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The adhesive layer thickness is optimized to a specific range (typically 5-50 nm) that balances optical transmission and adhesion strength. Within this thickness range, the layer is thin enough to minimize optical absorption losses while being thick enough to provide sufficient mechanical adhesion and chemical bonding capacity between layers.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the disclosure include an electronic device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, a first layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first layer comprising a metal-halide perovskite material, and an adhesive layer disposed between the first layer and the second electrode, wherein the adhesive layer comprises an organic material. Embodiments of the disclosure generally relate to photovoltaic module products, such as photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic devices and photovoltaic modules that include an absorber layer that comprise a perovskite material. Embodiments of the disclosure include an improved perovskite solar cell architecture that includes one or more buffer layers disposed within the multilayer stack of thin films used to form a solar cell that can exhibit high solar cell performance, and provide stronger adhesion between adjacent layers and/or cohesion within a layer within the multilayer stack used to form the solar cell device.