Perovskite Solar Cell Structure for Hidden Series-Cut Stripes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional perovskite solar cells suffer from aesthetic issues due to visible cutting stripes between series-connected solar cell units, which are necessary to reduce carrier recombination but detract from the appearance of building-integrated photovoltaic systems.
Innovation Solution
A perovskite solar cell structure incorporating a filling material layer and encapsulation glue that matches the color and transmittance of the light-absorbing layer, minimizing visible differences and maintaining optical continuity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If large-area solar cells are cut into series-connected solar cell units, then carrier recombination is reduced and energy loss is minimized, but visible cutting stripes damage the appearance of building-material-integrated photovoltaic systems
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a filling material layer with specific optical properties (color and light transmittance) that matches the light-absorbing layer beneath it. This color matching technique makes the cutting stripes invisible from the front side, resolving the contradiction between energy efficiency (requiring cuts) and appearance integrity (requiring visual uniformity).
Solution Approach 2:
The filling material layer acts as an intermediary element between the top electrode layer and the light-absorbing layer. It mediates the visual appearance by optically masking the cutting stripes while maintaining electrical functionality, thus hiding the detrimental visual effects without compromising the series connection structure.
2Shape
If filling material layer is applied to cover cutting stripes, then appearance is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The filling material layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it fills the cutting stripe regions, provides color matching to hide visual defects, maintains appropriate light transmittance for underlying layers, and contributes to overall device encapsulation. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the filling function with the optical masking function into a single integrated filling material layer. Rather than using separate filling material and cosmetic covering layers, the solution combines these functions into one layer that simultaneously addresses both structural and aesthetic requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively hides the cutting stripes, preserving the aesthetic integrity of building-integrated photovoltaic systems while maintaining efficient carrier transport and energy conversion.
Implementation Method 1
perovskite serving as the main material of intrinsic semiconductor will generate photogenerated current, i.e., an electron-hole pair, after absorbing photons
Implementation Method 2
the n-type semiconductor conducts the generated electrons and blocks the holes, while the p-type semiconductor conducts the generated holes and blocks the electrons
Data Source
AI summary
The perovskite solar cell includes in sequence: an upper encapsulation layer, an upper light-transmitting electrode layer, an upper carrier transport layer, a light-absorbing layer, a lower carrier transport layer, a lower light-transmitting electrode layer, a filling material layer, a encapsulation glue and a lower encapsulation layer. The surface of the filling material layer that is not in contact with the lower light-transmitting electrode layer is covered by the encapsulation glue. Alternatively, the filling material layer and the encapsulation glue are different layers. The ΔE difference (set by the International Commission on Illumination) between the color of the filling material layer and the material of the light-absorbing layer is less than 2, and the transmittance difference is less than 10%.