Textured Perovskite Solar Cell Hole Transport Layer for Crystallinity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Perovskite layers with a pyramid-textured surface suffer from poor crystallinity and conformability, hindering the improvement of solar cell conversion efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A solar cell structure with a first hole transport layer made of 2Ph-4PACz or R-2Ph-4PACz, which has a unique molecular structure that enhances interaction with the lead halide, improving the conformability and crystallinity of the perovskite layer, and includes specific thicknesses to optimize performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If a perovskite layer with a pyramid-textured surface is used to reduce light reflectivity, then light absorption is enhanced, but the crystallinity and conformability of the perovskite layer deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight absorptionVSAvoidcrystallinity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a hole transport layer as an intermediary between the textured substrate and the perovskite layer. This intermediate layer acts as a buffer that allows the perovskite to maintain its crystalline structure while still conforming to the underlying textured surface, thus preserving both light absorption enhancement and crystallinity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the surface properties of the hole transport layer through plasma treatment, changing its surface energy and wettability parameters. This parameter change enables better interfacial contact and stress distribution, allowing the perovskite layer to maintain high crystallinity while conforming to the pyramid texture for improved light absorption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Use of energy by moving object

If a perovskite layer with a pyramid-textured surface is used to reduce light reflectivity, then light absorption is enhanced, but the conformability of the perovskite layer deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight absorptionVSAvoidconformability
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The hole transport layer serves as a mediator that decouples the structural requirements of the perovskite from the optical requirements of the textured substrate. It allows the perovskite to deposit with better conformability while the underlying texture remains intact for light trapping

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality enhancement by treating specific regions of the hole transport layer surface (through plasma treatment) to create optimal local conditions for perovskite deposition. This localized surface modification improves conformability at the interface without affecting the overall pyramid texture that provides light absorption enhancement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively enhances hole extraction, reduces non-radiative recombination, and improves the texture conformal effect, leading to increased open-circuit voltage, fill factor, and overall energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

Implementation Method 1

A material of the first hole transport layer is 2Ph-4PACz or R-2Ph-4PACz. A molecular structure of 2Ph-4PACz is as follows: The unique molecular structure enhances interaction with the lead halide

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMolecular interaction: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

The perovskite layer is obtained by a reaction of a lead halide skeleton layer with a cation solution

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reaction: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 3

The present disclosure relates to the field of solar cells... improving the conversion efficiency of the solar cell

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotovoltaic effect: Photovoltaic Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4683470A1Solar cell, preparation method thereof, and photovoltaic module
Publication Date: 2026.01.21 TONGWEI SOLAR ENERGY (CHENGDU) CO LID
  • EP4683470A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4683470A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4683470A1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present disclosure discloses a solar cell, a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes a substrate (11), a first hole transport layer (22), a perovskite layer (3), an electron transport layer (5), and a first electrode (9), which are laminated from bottom to top. The substrate has a textured structure. The first hole transport layer, the perovskite layer, and the electron transport layer are grown along the textured structure. A thickness of the first hole transport layer is 2 nm to 15 nm. A material of the first hole transport layer is 2Ph-4PACz having a structure of formula I or R-2Ph-4PACz having a structure of formula II: where R is NO2, F, Cl, Br, pyrazine, or pyridine. The perovskite layer is obtained by a reaction of a lead halide skeleton layer with a cation solution.