Perovskite Solar Cell Grain Control for Fewer Boundaries

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing perovskite solar cells face issues with uneven grain size distribution and increased grain boundaries due to traditional annealing methods, leading to reduced energy conversion efficiency and stability.

Innovation Solution

A solar cell design featuring a light absorption layer with perovskite compound grains of 1 μm to 6 μm diameter, optimized through non-contact closed annealing, ensuring uniform grain size and reduced grain boundaries, enhancing crystal quality and carrier transport.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional annealing methods are used to form perovskite compound grains, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the grain size distribution is uneven and grain boundaries increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvegrain size distribution uniformityVSAvoidannealing process complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing annealing temperature (100-180°C), annealing time (8-30 min), and atmosphere composition (polar aprotic solvent) to achieve uniform grain size distribution of 1-6 μm while maintaining process feasibility

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements preliminary action by pre-forming perovskite precursor layers with controlled composition and thickness before annealing, ensuring uniform nucleation and grain growth that results in consistent grain size distribution of 1-6 μm

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If grain boundaries are reduced to improve energy conversion efficiency, then the solar cell performance improves, but the manufacturing control difficulty increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy conversion efficiencyVSAvoidgrain size control precision

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by monitoring and adjusting annealing parameters (temperature, time, atmosphere) based on real-time observations of grain growth, ensuring consistent grain size distribution of 1-6 μm and reduced grain boundaries for optimized energy conversion efficiency

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces mechanical control methods with chemical and thermal field control, using atmosphere composition (polar aprotic solvent) and temperature gradients to achieve uniform grain size distribution of 1-6 μm, making grain boundary reduction more controllable

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Power

If larger perovskite compound grains are used to reduce grain boundaries, then the open circuit voltage increases, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveopen circuit voltageVSAvoidgrain size distribution control

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing annealing temperature (100-180°C), annealing time (8-30 min), and atmosphere composition (polar aprotic solvent) to achieve uniform grain size distribution of 1-6 μm while maintaining process feasibility

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements preliminary action by pre-forming perovskite precursor layers with controlled composition and thickness before annealing, ensuring uniform nucleation and grain growth that results in consistent grain size distribution of 1-6 μm

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution improves energy conversion efficiency and open circuit voltage by minimizing grain boundary defects and optimizing grain size distribution, resulting in improved stability and performance.

Implementation Method 1

Solar cells based on perovskite photovoltaic cells, which can directly convert solar energy into electric energy under sunlight

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPhotovoltaic effect: Photovoltaic Effect

Implementation Method 2

non-contact closed annealing

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAnnealing: Annealing

Data Source

PatentUS20250374742A1Solar cell, solar cell module and electrical device

Publication Date: 2025.12.04 CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

AI summary

A solar cell, a solar cell module and an electrical device are disclosed. The solar cell includes a light absorption layer containing a plurality of perovskite compound grains. In at least one cross section of the light absorption layer perpendicular to a layer thickness direction, a number-based cumulative distribution rate of perovskite compound grains with a long diameter D of 1 μm to 6 μm is ≥90%. The light absorption layer of the present application contains perovskite compound grains with a long grain diameter of 1 μm to 6 μm in at least one cross section perpendicular to the layer thickness direction, with the number-based cumulative distribution rate of the perovskite compound grains being ≥90%.