Perovskite Solar Cell Hysteresis Reduction via Precursor Complex
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Solution Overview
Problem
The one-solution method for forming perovskite solar cells results in insufficient material utilization efficiency, impurities in the perovskite layer, and poor reproducibility of solar cell characteristics due to hysteresis issues, leading to decreased power conversion efficiency and internal quantum efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A complex comprising specific compounds and dimethylformamide molecules is used to form a perovskite layer with a predetermined orientation, reducing hysteresis and improving reproducibility, resulting in high power conversion efficiency and internal quantum efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the one-solution method is used to form perovskite layer, then the production cost is reduced and manufacturing simplicity is improved, but material utilization efficiency is insufficient and impurities remain in the layer
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the precursor materials and solution composition to achieve both simple manufacturing and high material utilization. By optimizing the precursor formulation and solution chemistry, the patent enables efficient perovskite layer formation through a simplified one-step process while minimizing waste and impurity formation.
2Ease of manufacture
If the one-solution method is used to form perovskite layer, then the production cost is reduced, but material purity of the generated perovskite layer decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of the precursor materials and solution composition to achieve high material purity while maintaining cost-effective manufacturing. By optimizing the precursor formulation and solution chemistry, the patent enables efficient perovskite layer formation with minimized impurity formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary precursor materials that facilitate the formation of high-purity perovskite layers. These precursor compounds act as mediators in the chemical reaction process, enabling the formation of pure perovskite structures while maintaining the simplicity and low cost of the one-solution manufacturing method.
3Ease of manufacture
If previously known one-solution method is used, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but hysteresis in measurement of solar cell characteristics is large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the perovskite layer through optimized precursor materials and solution composition. These parameter changes result in improved film quality and reduced hysteresis effects, enabling more accurate measurement of solar cell characteristics while maintaining manufacturing simplicity.
4Ease of manufacture
If previously known one-solution method is used, then manufacturing simplicity is improved, but reproducibility of solar cell characteristics is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the parameters of precursor materials and solution composition to achieve highly reproducible perovskite layer formation. By precisely controlling the chemical formulation and processing parameters, the patent enables consistent reproduction of high-quality perovskite solar cells with excellent characteristic reproducibility while maintaining manufacturing simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs intermediary precursor materials that facilitate reproducible perovskite layer formation. These precursors act as mediators that ensure consistent reaction pathways and film formation processes, enabling high reproducibility of solar cell characteristics while maintaining the simplicity of the one-solution manufacturing method.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables the production of highly pure perovskite materials with reduced hysteresis, enhancing the reproducibility and efficiency of perovskite solar cells by achieving power conversion efficiencies of 20% or more and internal quantum efficiencies of 90% or more.
Implementation Method 1
A complex comprising specific compounds and dimethylformamide molecules is used to form a perovskite layer with a predetermined orientation
Implementation Method 2
solar photovoltaic generation has been attracting attention as clean energy
Data Source
AI summary
The complex comprising one or more of the compound represented by general formula: RPbn1Xm1 (wherein R is a cation represented by R1NH3+ (wherein R1 represents a univalent substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group), or the following formula:(wherein R2 represents a hydrogen atom, or a univalent substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group); X is the same or different, and each represents a halogen atom; n1 is 0.8 to 1.2; and m1 is 2.8 to 3.2, or the compound represented by general formula: R2Pbn2Xm2 wherein R and X are as defined above; n2 is 2.8 to 3.2; and m2 is 7.7 to 8.3; and one or more dimethylformamide molecules is capable of decreasing the stirring time upon dissolution in an organic solvent such as DMSO, as well as decreasing the hysteresis and improving the solar cell characteristics (in particular, photoelectric conversion efficiency) when the complex is applied to a perovskite layer.