Perovskite Interfacial Layers for Solid-State Solar Cells

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current photovoltaic technologies face challenges in reducing costs and improving stability, particularly in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells, where liquid electrolytes can lead to leakage and corrosion, and existing materials do not effectively enhance charge transport and prevent recombination.

Innovation Solution

The use of novel interfacial layers, including perovskite materials and thin-coat interfacial layers composed of metals and metal oxides, such as Al2O3, ZnO, and CsSnI3, to enhance charge transport and prevent recombination in photovoltaic devices, along with the incorporation of perovskite materials in active layers to improve efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If liquid electrolytes are used in dye-sensitized solar cells, then charge transport is enabled, but leakage and corrosion occur reducing device stability

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedevice stabilityVSAvoidleakage and corrosion

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes liquid electrolytes from the solar cell structure and replaces them with solid-state hole transporting materials. This extraction of the harmful liquid component eliminates leakage and corrosion issues while maintaining charge transport functionality through the solid-state materials.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the liquid electrolyte system with a solid-state hole transporting material system. This replacement transitions from a liquid-based charge transport mechanism to a solid-state mechanism, eliminating the harmful effects of liquid electrolytes while preserving the essential charge transport function.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If conventional materials are used in photovoltaic devices, then device structure is simple, but charge transport is insufficient and recombination occurs

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecharge transport efficiencyVSAvoidmaterial structure

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite material structures including perovskite materials combined with organic-inorganic hybrid compositions. These composite materials provide enhanced charge transport properties and reduced recombination compared to conventional single materials, achieving improved reliability through sophisticated material design.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes perovskite materials with tunable parameters including bandgap, carrier mobility, and stability characteristics. By adjusting compositional parameters and structural properties of the perovskite materials, the patent optimizes charge transport efficiency while managing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If perovskite materials are incorporated to enhance efficiency, then charge transport improves, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepower generation efficiencyVSAvoidmaterial processing

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs pre-formed perovskite materials and pre-synthesized organic-inorganic hybrid compositions that can be integrated into the solar cell structure through established manufacturing techniques. This preliminary preparation of materials simplifies the manufacturing process while maintaining the efficiency benefits of perovskite incorporation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These solutions lead to more durable, cost-effective photovoltaic devices with improved charge transport and reduced recombination, enhancing the overall efficiency and stability of solar cells, including solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells.

Implementation Method 1

novel interfacial layers, including perovskite materials and thin-coat interfacial layers composed of metals and metal oxides, such as Al2O3, ZnO, and CsSnI3, to enhance charge transport

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCharge transport: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

enhance charge transport and prevent recombination in photovoltaic devices

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectRecombination prevention:

Implementation Method 3

incorporation of perovskite materials in active layers to improve efficiency

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPhotovoltaic effect: Photovoltaic Effect

Data Source

PatentUS9941480B2Perovskite material layer processing

Publication Date: 2018.04.10 CUBICPV INC

AI summary

A method for processing a perovskite photoactive layer. The method comprises depositing a lead salt precursor onto a substrate to form a lead salt thin film, depositing a second salt precursor onto the lead salt thin film, annealing the substrate to form a perovskite material.