Perovskite Solar Cell Lamination via Solvent Surface Smoothing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Perovskite electronic devices face challenges with surface roughness and limited process options due to the instability of the perovskite light absorption layer, leading to defects during lamination processes.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the coating of a solvent on the surface of the perovskite light absorption layer to reduce surface roughness and enhance bonding strength, allowing for the formation of a multi-layer structure with minimal defects, using techniques like spin coating and hot-pressing, and incorporating specific solvents and materials such as isopropyl alcohol and SnO2 electron transport layers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If a physical lamination process is used to form multi-layer perovskite structure, then the device structure can be built, but many defects occur at the interface due to surface roughness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by treating the perovskite light absorption layer surface with a solvent (isopropyl alcohol) before the lamination process. This pre-treatment step dissolves surface irregularities and reduces roughness, creating a smoother surface that enables defect-free interface formation during subsequent lamination. The solvent treatment is performed in advance to prepare the surface for optimal bonding.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical-chemical parameters of the perovskite surface by applying a solvent treatment. The solvent (isopropyl alcohol) modifies the surface properties by dissolving excess material and smoothing the morphology. This parameter change in surface roughness directly improves interface quality and reduces defects during lamination.
2Stability of the object's composition
If chemical lamination process is used to avoid surface roughness issues, then interface quality improves, but the selection of upper materials and processes is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary solution (solvent treatment layer) between the perovskite light absorption layer and the upper layers. This intermediary step of solvent application serves as a bridge that simultaneously achieves smooth interface formation and maintains compatibility with various upper materials and processing methods, thereby expanding material selection freedom while ensuring interface quality.
3Ease of manufacture
If the perovskite light absorption layer surface is left untreated, then the manufacturing process is simple, but surface roughness causes many interface defects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by using a solvent (isopropyl alcohol) that automatically dissolves and smooths the perovskite surface irregularities upon contact. The solvent performs the surface smoothing function through its own chemical properties without requiring additional complex equipment or multiple processing steps, maintaining process simplicity while achieving low surface roughness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach increases the flexibility in selecting upper materials and processes, enables the creation of perovskite light absorption layers with minimal interface defects, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
Implementation Method 1
a solvent is coated on the surface of the perovskite light absorption layer to dissolve the surface of the perovskite light absorption layer and a grain boundary, thereby reducing the surface roughness
Implementation Method 2
the coating may be performed by a method selected from the group consisting of spin coating, bar coating, inkjet printing, nozzle printing, spray coating, slot die coating, gravure printing, screen printing, electrohydrodynamic jet printing, electrospray, and combinations thereof
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for preparing a perovskite electronic device including steps of: forming an electron transport layer and a second light absorption layer including a perovskite material each independently on a first substrate and a second substrate; forming a first light absorption layer including a perovskite material on the electron transport layer; coating a solvent on the surface of the first light absorption layer and the second light absorption layer; bonding the second light absorption layer on the first light absorption layer; removing the second substrate; forming a hole transport layer on the second light absorption layer; and forming an electrode on the hole transport layer.