Perovskite Photovoltaic Module Sealing Against Water and Oxygen
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current packaging technologies for perovskite photovoltaic modules are inadequate in preventing water and oxygen intrusion, leading to corrosion and reduced service life due to reactions between adhesives and perovskite cells, and edge-sealing methods are particularly vulnerable.
Innovation Solution
A photovoltaic module design featuring a packaging portion with a packaging slot and gap sections filled with a first packaging layer that includes desiccants and deoxidizers, such as reduced iron powder and ascorbic acid, to seal and isolate water and oxygen, while a second packaging layer, like a polyolefin elastomer adhesive film, bonds the substrate to the packaging portion, preventing contamination and enhancing durability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If full packaging with adhesive is used, then the sealing performance is improved, but chemical reaction between adhesive and perovskite cell occurs causing degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The packaging structure is divided into multiple sections: a packaging cavity containing the perovskite cell, a packaging groove filled with sealing material, and a separate adhesive-free sealing mechanism. This segmentation isolates the perovskite cell from direct contact with adhesives while maintaining effective sealing through the groove structure filled with inert sealing materials.
Solution Approach 2:
A packaging groove filled with sealing material (such as POE, EVA, or silicone rubber) serves as an intermediary between the packaging cover plate and the substrate. This intermediary provides the sealing function without requiring adhesives that would directly contact the perovskite cell, thereby preventing chemical reactions while maintaining sealing integrity.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If edge-sealing packaging is used, then the reaction between adhesive and perovskite cell is reduced, but resistance to water and oxygen intrusion is decreased
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the packaging structure have different functions: the packaging groove is filled with water and oxygen resistant sealing materials to provide barrier protection, while the overall structure maintains edge-sealing characteristics to avoid adhesive contact. This local differentiation of material properties and functions achieves both protection from chemical reactions and resistance to environmental intrusion.
Solution Approach 2:
The packaging structure uses composite materials including POE adhesive film, EVA adhesive film, silicone rubber, and other water and oxygen resistant materials in the sealing groove. These composite materials provide both the sealing function to prevent water and oxygen intrusion and the chemical inertness to prevent reactions with perovskite cells.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional packaging is used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but service life of perovskite module is reduced due to water and oxygen corrosion
Solution Approach 1:
The packaging groove is pre-formed in the packaging cover plate before assembly, and sealing materials are pre-placed in the groove. This preliminary preparation ensures that when the module is assembled, the sealing function is immediately active, providing long-term protection against water and oxygen corrosion from the outset, thereby extending service life without complicating the manufacturing process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents external water and oxygen intrusion, reducing corrosion risks and extending the service life of perovskite solar cell modules by creating a sealed environment that isolates the solar cell string from harmful atmospheric components.
Implementation Method 1
A first packaging layer which is capable of absorbing water and oxygen is arranged in the packaging gap
Implementation Method 2
the first packaging layer includes a desiccant or/and a deoxidizer
Implementation Method 3
the first packaging layer includes a desiccant or/and a deoxidizer, such as reduced iron powder, sulfite, ascorbic acid, oleic acid, calcium oxide or sodium sulfate
Implementation Method 4
the first packaging layer includes a desiccant or/and a deoxidizer
Implementation Method 5
the second packaging layer includes a polyolefin elastomer (POE) adhesive film, an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) adhesive film, a polyisobutylene (PIB) adhesive film, an ultraviolet (UV) adhesive film or an A-B adhesive film
Implementation Method 6
A photovoltaic module is a device directly converting light energy into electrical energy by photoelectric effect or photochemical effect
Implementation Method 7
A photovoltaic module is a device directly converting light energy into electrical energy by photoelectric effect or photochemical effect
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~5
AI summary
Provided is a photovoltaic module, including: a substrate, at least one solar cell string and a packaging portion, wherein a bottom of the packaging portion has a packaging slot, the substrate and the at least one solar cell string are arranged in the packaging slot, the at least one solar cell string is arranged on a top surface of the substrate, a packaging gap is formed between a side surface of the substrate and a side surface of the packaging slot, a first packaging layer is arranged in the packaging gap, and the first packaging layer is configured to seal the packaging gap.