High-Entropy Perovskite Electrocatalyst for Nitrogen Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current nitrogen reduction catalysts for ammonia synthesis face low efficiency due to the stability of nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds and competition with hydrogen evolution reactions, requiring high energy and producing greenhouse gases.
Innovation Solution
Development of ABO3 type high-entropy perovskite Bax(FeCoNiZrY)0.2O3-δ electrocatalytic material using an improved liquid phase method and high-temperature calcination, which exposes more active sites and allows for adjustable composition and oxygen defect content, optimizing nitrogen reduction performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional high temperature and high pressure method is used to prepare bulk material, then the material structure is stable, but the active sites are limited and energy consumption is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the preparation parameters from traditional high temperature and high pressure to a lower temperature range (800-1200°C) with controlled oxygen partial pressure (0.01-0.21 atm). This parameter optimization enables the formation of high-entropy perovskite structure with abundant active sites and oxygen vacancies, achieving high ammonia synthesis efficiency while reducing energy consumption compared to conventional methods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite high-entropy perovskite material Bax(FeCoNiZrY)0.2O3-δ that combines five different metal elements (Fe, Co, Ni, Zr, Y) in equimolar ratios. This multi-element composite structure generates synergistic effects, creating abundant active sites and oxygen vacancies that enhance catalytic activity for nitrogen reduction, thereby improving productivity without requiring extreme conditions
2Ease of operation
If nitrogen reduction catalysts are used for ammonia synthesis, then the reaction can proceed at normal temperature and pressure, but the efficiency is low due to nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond stability and hydrogen evolution competition
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces oxygen vacancies at specific locations within the perovskite structure, creating localized active sites with enhanced reactivity. These oxygen-deficient regions (represented by δ in O3-δ) serve as preferential sites for nitrogen adsorption and activation, enabling efficient nitrogen reduction at normal conditions while minimizing hydrogen evolution competition through localized catalytic activity
Solution Approach 2:
The high-entropy perovskite material exhibits a porous structure with abundant surface area and accessible active sites. This porous architecture facilitates nitrogen gas diffusion and adsorption while providing numerous catalytic centers for the reduction reaction, thereby enhancing productivity without requiring harsh conditions
3Productivity
If high-entropy perovskite material is synthesized through improved liquid phase method and high-temperature calcination, then more active sites are exposed and composition is adjustable, but the preparation process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a liquid phase precursor method where metal salts are pre-mixed in solution with controlled stoichiometry before calcination. This preliminary homogeneous mixing ensures uniform distribution of five metal elements (Fe, Co, Ni, Zr, Y) throughout the precursor, facilitating consistent high-entropy perovskite formation during calcination and enabling precise compositional control without complex multi-step processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material achieves high ammonia gas production and Faraday efficiency with reduced energy consumption and environmental impact, demonstrating potential as an ideal electrocatalyst for nitrogen reduction.
Implementation Method 1
using nitrogen gas as a nitrogen source and water as a proton source to prepare ammonia gas by means of an electrocatalysis at normal temperature and normal pressure
Implementation Method 2
designs and synthesizes a kind of ABO3 type high-entropy perovskite Bax(FeCoNiZrY)0.2O3-δ electrocatalytic material by means of an improved liquid phase method and a high-temperature calcination method
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure discloses an ABO3 type high-entropy perovskite Bax(FeCoNiZrY)0.2O3-δ electrocatalytic material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of electrocatalytic materials. The electrocatalytic material is prepared by taking hydrated cobalt nitrate, hydrated ferric nitrate, hydrated nickel nitrate, barium nitrate, hydrated yttrium nitrate, hydrated zirconium nitrate and polyacrylonitrile staple fibers as raw materials through processes of liquid phase chelation, gelation, calcination, etc. The prepared high-entropy perovskite Bax(FeCoNiZrY)0.2O3-δ electrocatalytic material can release more electrochemical active sites due to its special nanostructure, thus showing better electrocatalytic activity. Meanwhile, by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of A/B-site metals, the electronic structure change of five metals in a catalytic center and the change of an oxygen vacancy content are realized, and the purpose of adjusting and optimizing the nitrogen reduction performance is achieved, so that the electrocatalytic material has excellent electrocatalytic conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia gas.