Perovskite Oxide PN Junction for Low-Cost Photovoltaic Manufacturing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional silicon-based photovoltaic cells have high manufacturing costs and require precise control, making them energy-intensive and not energy-efficient.
Innovation Solution
A photoelectric conversion element with a PN junction formed using N-type and P-type oxide layers with a perovskite structure, where the P-type oxide layer includes elements like Pb, Bi, Li, Na, and K, and the N-type oxide layer can be formed from titanium and strontium-based oxides, allowing for cost-effective and reproducible production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If silicon-based photovoltaic cells are used, then photoelectric conversion function is achieved, but manufacturing cost is high and manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameters from conventional silicon to oxide semiconductors with perovskite structure, specifically using Pb, Bi, Li, Na, or K at the A site and Fe at the B site. This material substitution enables the PN junction to be formed through simpler processes while maintaining photoelectric conversion functionality, directly addressing the high cost and complexity issues of silicon-based photovoltaics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite oxide materials with perovskite structure combining multiple elements (Pb/Bi/Li/Na/K at A site, Fe at B site) to create the P-type oxide layer. This composite material approach achieves the desired semiconductor properties and photoelectric conversion efficiency while enabling more convenient and reproducible manufacturing compared to traditional silicon-based solutions
2Reliability
If silicon-based photovoltaic cells are used, then photoelectric conversion function is achieved, but energy consumption during manufacturing is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material composition parameters to oxide semiconductors with perovskite structure, which can be processed at lower temperatures and with less energy-intensive methods compared to silicon. The specific element composition (Pb/Bi/Li/Na/K at A site, Fe at B site) enables formation of functional PN junctions through energy-efficient manufacturing processes
3Reliability
If conventional manufacturing methods are used, then silicon-based photovoltaic is produced, but manufacturing precision control is difficult and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material system to oxide semiconductors where the perovskite structure naturally accommodates the desired stoichiometry and crystal orientation. The specific element combination (Pb/Bi/Li/Na/K at A site, Fe at B site) provides robust phase formation that is more tolerant to manufacturing variations, reducing the need for precise control while maintaining high performance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves precise local control of material properties through selective element placement in the perovskite structure - specifically positioning Fe at the B site and Pb/Bi/Li/Na/K at the A site. This local compositional control enables tailored electrical properties (P-type conductivity) and optimized photoelectric conversion characteristics without requiring complex global process control
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach results in a more efficient and cost-effective photovoltaic cell with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency, achieved through the formation of a reliable PN junction using oxide layers with perovskite structures, enabling mass production with reduced energy consumption.
Implementation Method 1
a photoelectric conversion element using an oxide semiconductor and a photovoltaic cell
Data Source
AI summary
A photoelectric conversion element includes a PN junction formed from an N-type oxide layer and a P-type oxide layer. The P-type oxide layer is formed from an oxide having a perovskite structure.