Perovskite PLD Layer Stacking Without Vacuum Breaks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices based on perovskite materials suffer from reliability issues and short lifespans due to their inherent drawbacks.
Innovation Solution
A manufacturing process involving the successive steps of forming an active layer with a perovskite material and a second charge transport layer made of an inorganic material using PLD deposition under vacuum conditions, without breaking the vacuum between these steps, to create a vertical stack with aligned crystal structures, enhancing the stability and reliability of the device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If perovskite-based optoelectronic devices are manufactured using conventional atmospheric pressure deposition, then the manufacturing process is simple and accessible, but the device reliability and lifetime are short
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies vacuum environment (inert atmosphere principle) by performing PLD deposition under vacuum conditions without breaking vacuum between steps. This protects the perovskite active layer and charge transport layers from atmospheric contamination, moisture, and oxygen exposure during manufacturing, thereby improving device reliability and lifetime while maintaining a controlled manufacturing process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements continuous vacuum deposition by not breaking the vacuum between depositing the perovskite active layer and the charge transport layer. This continuous process prevents exposure to atmospheric conditions, ensures clean interfaces between layers, and improves device stability without significantly increasing process complexity
2Stability of the object's composition
If the active layer is exposed to atmospheric conditions during manufacturing, then the process is simpler and faster, but the stability and reliability of the perovskite structure deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent maintains vacuum environment throughout the deposition process to protect the perovskite structure from atmospheric degradation. This inert environment prevents moisture and oxygen exposure that would otherwise compromise the perovskite composition stability, while the continuous process minimizes time loss
3Manufacturing precision
If multiple layers are deposited separately with vacuum breaks, then each layer can be optimized independently, but the interface quality and device performance decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent deposits the perovskite active layer and charge transport layer continuously under vacuum without breaking the vacuum between steps. This continuous deposition creates clean, high-quality interfaces between layers while avoiding contamination that would occur with vacuum breaks, thereby improving manufacturing precision without requiring complex process control
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process results in optoelectronic or photovoltaic devices with improved stability, extended lifespan, and high internal quantum efficiency, suitable for small pixel applications and integration with integrated circuits at low temperatures, while maintaining high absorption coefficients and tolerance to crystal structure defects.
Implementation Method 1
forming, by PLD deposition, an active layer comprising a perovskite material on the upper face of a first charge transport layer; depositing, by PLD deposition, a second charge transport layer made of an inorganic material on the upper face of the active layer
Implementation Method 2
steps a) and b) are carried out under vacuum, i.e. at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, the process not involving breaking the vacuum between steps a) and b)
Implementation Method 3
the active layer and the second charge transport layer have crystalline structures aligned in an epitaxial relationship
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
The present description relates to a process for manufacturing an optoelectronic or photovoltaic device, comprising the following consecutive steps: a) forming, by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), an active layer (107) comprising a perovskite material on the upper face of a first charge transport layer (105); b) depositing, by PLD, a second charge transport layer (109) made of an inorganic material on the upper face of the active layer, wherein steps a) and b) are carried out in a vacuum, i.e. at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure, the process not involving any interruption of the vacuum between steps a) and b).