Perovskite Compositions With Polymeric Pillars for Transparency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing perovskite-based solar cells face challenges in achieving high transparency levels, with average visible transmittance (AVT) values typically below 10-20%, limiting their applications in building-integrated photovoltaics and tandem cells.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating spaced-apart transparent functionalizable polymeric regions or pillars within the perovskite film, which extend from the surface and penetrate through adjacent layers, allowing for increased light penetration and improved AVT values up to 27-40%.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If perovskite film thickness is increased to improve light absorption and power conversion efficiency, then PCE is improved, but transparency (AVT) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite film is segmented into discontinuous islands rather than a continuous layer. This segmentation allows light to pass through the gaps between islands, maintaining transparency while the islands themselves provide sufficient light absorption for acceptable PCE. The de-wetting process naturally creates this segmented structure with controlled island formation.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the perovskite film have different properties: the perovskite islands provide high absorption for power generation, while the gaps between islands provide transparency. This local differentiation of function allows simultaneous optimization of both PCE and AVT by controlling island density, size, and distribution rather than requiring uniform film properties throughout.
2Illumination intensity
If perovskite film is made discontinuous to improve transparency, then AVT is improved, but light absorption and PCE deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite film structure is made dynamic and controllable through the de-wetting process. By adjusting processing parameters such as solvent composition, deposition conditions, and thermal treatment, the island density, size, and distribution can be dynamically tuned to achieve the optimal balance between transparency and power conversion efficiency for specific applications.
Solution Approach 2:
Processing parameters are changed to control the de-wetting behavior and resulting island morphology. By modifying solvent evaporation rate, annealing temperature, and perovskite composition, the film transitions from continuous to discontinuous with controlled characteristics, enabling systematic optimization of both AVT and PCE through parameter adjustment rather than structural compromise.
3Illumination intensity
If de-wetting technique is used to form semitransparent perovskite islands, then AVT is improved, but control over transparency and manufacturing precision deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The de-wetting process incorporates feedback mechanisms where processing parameters are adjusted based on observed film morphology and transparency measurements. By monitoring island formation during deposition and thermal treatment, and adjusting solvent composition, deposition rate, or annealing conditions accordingly, precise control over final transparency is achieved while maintaining reproducible manufacturing.
Solution Approach 2:
Preliminary actions are taken during film deposition and initial processing to pre-establish the desired island structure before final device assembly. By controlling the de-wetting process early in fabrication to create the optimal island distribution and morphology, subsequent manufacturing steps can proceed with precise transparency control already established, reducing variability in final product specifications.
Data Source
AI summary
The technology generally concerns perovskite-based devices having improved transparency and uses thereof.