Perovskite Solar Cell Self-Seeding Growth Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells face challenges with long-term stability due to moisture sensitivity, limiting their practical application.
Innovation Solution
A self-seeding growth (SSG) method is employed, involving multiple applications and formations of perovskite precursor solutions to create a final solid perovskite layer, using a combination of liquid and vapor phase processing, with solvents like DMF/DMSO, and incorporating quantum dots, to enhance crystallization and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If perovskite solar cells are made with hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide materials, then power conversion efficiency increases rapidly, but long-term stability against moisture deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing multiple sequential applications of perovskite precursor solutions before final device completion. The process involves applying a first precursor solution to form an initial layer, then applying additional precursor solutions in sequence to build up the perovskite structure progressively, allowing each layer to form and stabilize before the next is applied
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the perovskite layer formation into multiple distinct stages: first application forming an initial layer, subsequent applications adding additional layers, and final treatment to complete the structure. This segmentation allows control over the formation process at each stage, improving both efficiency and stability
2Reliability
If multiple applications of perovskite precursor solution are performed, then crystallization quality and stability improve, but manufacturing process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple functions into the sequential application process: each precursor solution application simultaneously deposits material, controls crystallization, and builds layer structure. The vapor phase treatment combines heating and chemical treatment in a single step, reducing the need for separate processing steps
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The SSG method improves power conversion efficiency from 17.76% to 20.30% and maintains >80% of initial efficiency over 4,680 hours in an ambient environment with high humidity, while reducing defect density and grain boundaries, and enhancing hydrophobicity.
Implementation Method 1
from the first liquid film, forming a first intermediate solid perovskite layer on the substrate
Implementation Method 2
forming a first intermediate solid perovskite layer on the substrate; repeating at least once, both the applying and the forming
Implementation Method 3
the treating may include annealing the intermediate solid perovskite layer
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method that includes applying a first perovskite precursor solution to a substrate to form a first liquid film of the first perovskite precursor solution on the substrate; from the first liquid film, forming a first intermediate solid perovskite layer on the substrate; repeating at least once, both the applying and the forming, resulting in the creation of at least one additional intermediate solid perovskite layer; and treating a last intermediate solid perovskite layer, resulting from the at least one additional applying and the at least one additional forming, to create a final solid perovskite layer.