Perovskite Solar Cell Coating for Uniform Large-Area Films
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for forming perovskite compound layers in solar cells face challenges in controlling film thickness and uniformity, particularly in large-area coatings, leading to inefficiencies in photoelectric conversion.
Innovation Solution
A method for manufacturing a solar cell with a tandem structure, including a first photoelectric conversion part with a perovskite compound layer and a second part with a different material or structure, utilizing a spraying process to form thick films with uniform composition and controlled thickness, followed by heat treatment and washing to ensure uniformity and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If spin coating is used to form the perovskite compound layer, then a film with uniform thickness can be formed, but it is difficult to coat a large area
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite compound layer formation is divided into two separate steps: first forming an inorganic material layer (e.g., PbI2) by sputtering, then forming an organic material layer by coating. This segmentation allows each layer to be optimized independently - the inorganic layer provides uniform thickness control through sputtering, while the organic layer can be applied over large areas through coating methods
Solution Approach 2:
The inorganic material layer acts as an intermediary layer between the substrate and the organic material layer. This intermediary layer enables the formation of a uniform perovskite compound layer over large areas by providing a controlled base layer that facilitates subsequent organic material deposition and thermal diffusion
2Area of stationary object
If dip coating, blade coating, or spraying is used to form the perovskite compound layer, then large-area coating can be performed, but it is difficult to control film thickness according to viscosity and process conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite compound layer is segmented into an inorganic material layer formed by sputtering (providing precise thickness control) and an organic material layer formed by coating (enabling large area coverage). The thickness of each layer can be independently controlled through respective process parameters
Solution Approach 2:
The formation process uses different deposition methods with controllable parameters: sputtering power and time for the inorganic layer, and coating speed, viscosity, and thickness for the organic layer. Thermal treatment temperature and time are also controlled to achieve desired diffusion and final layer properties
3Device complexity
If the perovskite compound layer is formed as a single layer, then the structure is simple, but it is not easy to control different film thicknesses under viscosity and processing conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The perovskite compound layer is segmented into an inorganic material layer and an organic material layer formed by different methods. This segmentation enables independent thickness control of each layer while maintaining overall structural simplicity and facilitating large-area manufacturing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enables the production of large-area solar cells with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency and reliability by maintaining uniform composition and thickness of the perovskite compound layer, enhancing light absorption across various wavelengths.
Implementation Method 1
A solar cell including a perovskite compound that absorbs short-wavelength light to perform photoelectric conversion using a short-wavelength light
Implementation Method 2
thermal treatment is performed to diffuse the two material layers to form the perovskite compound layer
Data Source
AI summary
A method for manufacturing a solar cell includes: forming a first photoelectric conversion part including a photoelectric conversion layer including a perovskite compound, a first transport layer, and a second transport layer; and forming a first electrode electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion part and forming a second electrode electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion part. The formation of the first photoelectric conversion part includes: forming a first film using a first material constituting the perovskite compound; spraying a second material constituting the perovskite compound on the first film to form a second film; performing a first heat treatment to diffuse the first film and the second film to form the perovskite compound; and performing washing to remove the residual second film residual on the perovskite compound.