Perovskite X-ray Detector for Low-Cost Mass Production
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current direct-conversion-type X-ray detectors face challenges in mass production due to high costs, complex processing, and limited properties of existing photoconductors, making it difficult to achieve high resolution and low radiation doses while being cost-effective.
Innovation Solution
A direct-conversion-type X-ray detector using a perovskite material as the photoconductor, which includes a semiconductor structure with a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer, and optionally quantum dots, deposited on various substrates such as CMOS or flexible plastic, allowing for low-cost mass production and improved deposition properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If existing photoconductors (a-Se, CdTe, HgI2, PbI2, PbO) are used in direct-conversion-type X-ray detectors, then high resolution and conversion efficiency can be achieved, but manufacturing cost increases and mass production becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameter from traditional photoconductors to perovskite materials, which have different physical and chemical properties that enable both high detection performance and ease of manufacturing through solution processing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs perovskite materials that can be processed using low-cost solution methods rather than expensive vacuum deposition techniques, making the detector economically viable for mass production
2Power
If existing photoconductors are used, then direct conversion of X-rays to electrical signals is achieved, but processing complexity and production time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex vacuum deposition processes with simpler solution-based deposition methods, significantly reducing production time while maintaining conversion efficiency through the inherent properties of perovskite materials
3Power
If a-Se is used as photoconductor, then direct conversion is achieved, but charge-trapping phenomenon and low sensitivity occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses perovskite materials with specific crystal structures and compositional flexibility (ABX3 structure with variable components) that allow optimization of charge transport properties while maintaining high conversion efficiency, avoiding the charge-trapping issues of a-Se
4Power
If CdTe, HgI2, PbI2 and PbO are used as photoconductors, then direct conversion capability is achieved, but deposition on flexible substrates becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the deposition method parameter from vacuum-based to solution-based, enabling deposition on flexible and low-temperature substrates while preserving the direct conversion capability through the photoconductive properties of perovskite materials
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The perovskite material enables the production of X-ray detectors with high resolution and low noise, capable of absorbing a wide range of X-ray energies, reducing radiation exposure and facilitating cost-effective, efficient manufacturing.
Implementation Method 1
a photoconductor using a perovskite material on the first electrode
Implementation Method 2
a quantum dot material for converting incident X-rays into visible light
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a direct-conversion-type X-ray detector, including a first electrode on a substrate, a semiconductor structure including a photoconductor using a perovskite material on the first electrode, and a second electrode on the semiconductor structure.